Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/svorga
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *swergʰ-, probably a g-extension of *swer- (“to ache, to prickle, to itch”). Akin to Lithuanian sérgti (“to be sick”), Proto-Germanic *surgō (“worry, sorrow”).
Noun
*svorga f
- severity, infelicity, bane
- (figurative) wretch (unfortunate person)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *svorga | *svordzě | *svorgy |
| genitive | *svorgy | *svorgu | *svorgъ |
| dative | *svordzě | *svorgama | *svorgamъ |
| accusative | *svorgǫ | *svordzě | *svorgy |
| instrumental | *svorgojǫ, *svorgǫ** | *svorgama | *svorgami |
| locative | *svordzě | *svorgu | *svorgasъ, *svorgaxъ* |
| vocative | *svorgo | *svordzě | *svorgy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: соро́га (soróga)
- South Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сорога”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress