Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъščь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tuskjas, from *tews- (“to be empty”). Cognate with Latvian tukšs, Lithuanian tùščias, Proto-Indo-Iranian *tusćyás (whence Vedic Sanskrit तुच्छ्य (tucchyá), Persian تهی (tohi)). Vasmer points an origin from proto-Indo-European *tweskʷ- (“desert”), which may be just an enlargement of *tews-. From this root is Latin tesqua.
Adjective
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *tъščь (soft)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *tъščь | *tъšča | *tъšče |
| genitive | *tъšča | *tъščę̇ | *tъšča |
| dative | *tъšču | *tъšči | *tъšču |
| accusative | *tъščь | *tъščǫ | *tъšče |
| instrumental | *tъščemь | *tъščejǫ | *tъščemь |
| locative | *tъšči | *tъšči | *tъšči |
| vocative | *tъšču | *tъšče | *tъšče |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *tъšča | *tъšči | *tъšči |
| genitive | *tъšču | *tъšču | *tъšču |
| dative | *tъščema | *tъščama | *tъščema |
| accusative | *tъšča | *tъšči | *tъšči |
| instrumental | *tъščema | *tъščama | *tъščema |
| locative | *tъšču | *tъšču | *tъšču |
| vocative | *tъšča | *tъšči | *tъšči |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *tъšči | *tъščę̇ | *tъšča |
| genitive | *tъščь | *tъščь | *tъščь |
| dative | *tъščemъ | *tъščamъ | *tъščemъ |
| accusative | *tъščę̇ | *tъščę̇ | *tъšča |
| instrumental | *tъšči | *tъščami | *tъšči |
| locative | *tъščixъ | *tъščaxъ | *tъščixъ |
| vocative | *tъšči | *tъščę̇ | *tъšča |
Definite declension of *tъščь (soft)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *tъščьjь | *tъščaja | *tъščeje |
| genitive | *tъščajego | *tъščę̇ję̇ | *tъščajego |
| dative | *tъščujemu | *tъščiji | *tъščujemu |
| accusative | *tъščьjь | *tъščǫjǫ | *tъščeje |
| instrumental | *tъščijimь | *tъščǫjǫ | *tъščijimь |
| locative | *tъščijemь | *tъščiji | *tъščijemь |
| vocative | *tъščьjь | *tъščaja | *tъščeje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *tъščaja | *tъščiji | *tъščiji |
| genitive | *tъščuju | *tъščuju | *tъščuju |
| dative | *tъščijima | *tъščijima | *tъščijima |
| accusative | *tъščaja | *tъščiji | *tъščiji |
| instrumental | *tъščijima | *tъščijima | *tъščijima |
| locative | *tъščuju | *tъščuju | *tъščuju |
| vocative | *tъščaja | *tъščiji | *tъščiji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *tъščiji | *tъščę̇ję̇ | *tъščaja |
| genitive | *tъščьjixъ | *tъščьjixъ | *tъščьjixъ |
| dative | *tъščijimъ | *tъščijimъ | *tъščijimъ |
| accusative | *tъščę̇ję̇ | *tъščę̇ję̇ | *tъščaja |
| instrumental | *tъščijimi | *tъščijimi | *tъščijimi |
| locative | *tъščijixъ | *tъščijixъ | *tъščijixъ |
| vocative | *tъščiji | *tъščę̇ję̇ | *tъščaja |
Derived terms
- *tъščeta (“damage”)
- *tъščeslavьje (“vanity”) (late invention in Church Slavonic)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: то́щий (tóščij)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тощий”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “то́щий”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 254
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tъ̀ščь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 502: “adj. jo (b) ‘empty’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “tъščь tъšča tъšče”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b emaciated; empty (NA 125; SA 123; PR 136)”