Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xrьbьtъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Equivalent to the 0-grade of *xribъ (“hill”) + *-ьtъ, likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreybʰ- (“to scrape, to tear”). Akin to Lithuanian skriẽbti (“to rub, to scrub”), Proto-Germanic *hrībaną (“to scratch”), Proto-Italic *skreiβō (“to scribe”).
ESSJa draws comparison with Proto-Slavic *skrebti (“to scrape”) (from Proto-Indo-European *skreb-), suggesting that *xrьbьtъ and its cognates represent expressive enlargement ("экспрессивное преобразование" in Trubachyev's own words) of the former root.
Noun
Alternative forms
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *xrьbь̀tъ | *xrьbьtà | *xrьbьtì |
| genitive | *xrьbьtà | *xrьbьtù | *xrьbь̀tъ |
| dative | *xrьbьtù | *xrьbьtòma | *xrьbьtòmъ |
| accusative | *xrьbь̀tъ | *xrьbьtà | *xrьbьtỳ |
| instrumental | *xrьbьtъ̀mь, *xrьbьtòmь* | *xrьbьtòma | *xrьbь̀ty |
| locative | *xrьbьtě̀ | *xrьbьtù | *xrьbь̀těxъ |
| vocative | *xrьbьte | *xrьbьtà | *xrьbьtì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: chřbet
- Czech: hřbet
- Kashubian: chrzëbt, chrzebiet, krzebt
- Old Polish: chrzbiet, chrzebiet, chrzebt, chrzybiet, grzebiet, grzebt, krzebiet, krzebt
- Polish: grzbiet, chrzybiet (Near Masovian, Far Masovian), chrzybiec (Kociewie, Malbork)
- Silesian: rzbiet
- Old Slovak: cherbet, chrbát, chrbet, *chribet
- Sorbian:
- Old Czech: chřbet
References
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “xrьbьtъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b ryg, rygrad (PR 134)”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хребе́т”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xribьtъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 96
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xrьbьtъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 107