Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/öpke
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Perhaps related to Manchu ᡠᡶᡠᡥᡠ (ufuhu, “lung”).
Noun
*öpke
Declension
Declension of *öpke
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *öpke |
| Accusative | *öpkeg, *öpkeni1) |
| Genitive | *öpkeniŋ |
| Dative | *öpkeke |
| Locative | *öpkede |
| Ablative | *öpkeden |
| Allative | *öpkegerü |
| Instrumental 2) | *öpken |
| Equative 2) | *öpkeče |
| Similative 2) | *öpkeleyü |
| Comitative 2) | *öpkeligü |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur
- Chuvash: ӳпке (üpke)
- Common Turkic: *öpke
- Oghuz: *öwke ("anger"), *öwken ("lungs")
- Old Anatolian Turkish: اوكه (öwke, “anger”), اويكه (öyke, “anger”), ايكن (öyken, “lungs”), اويكن (öyken, “lungs”)
- Azerbaijani: öfkə (“lungs; anger”), öxbə (“lungs”) (dial.), öfgə (“lungs”) (dial.), öfkələnmək (“to get angry”)
- Ottoman Turkish: اوفكه (öfke, “anger”), اويكه (öyke, “anger”), اويكن (öyken, “lungs”), اويكهلنمك (öykelenmek, “to get angry”)
- Gagauz: üfke (“anger”)
- Turkish: öfke, öfkelenmek, öyke (“anger”) (dialectal), öyken (“lungs”) (dialectal), övken (“asthma”) (dialectal), öykelenmek (dialectal), övkelenmek (dialectal)
- Salar: öken (“lungs”)
- Turkmen: öýke (“sadness”), öýken (“lungs”), öýkelemek
- Old Anatolian Turkish: اوكه (öwke, “anger”), اويكه (öyke, “anger”), ايكن (öyken, “lungs”), اويكن (öyken, “lungs”)
- Karluk:
- Kypchak:
- Siberian:
Further reading
- “öyke, öyken”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), volume 9, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1977
- “öyke, öyken”, in XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212) (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 9
- Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, page 540
- Tenišev E. R., editor (2001), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, pages 276-277
- Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “ӳпке”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 280