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A metathesized form, *ȫdrek, appears to have risen at an early date.
While usually considered simplex, there have been several proposals regarding its etymology:
Nişanyan considers the possibility *ȫdrek might be the original form and puts forth a derivation from *öt-(“to chirp”), however he does elaborate on its morphology or phonology.
Clauson suggests a derivation from *ȫr-(“to rise”) in reference to ducks rising out of the water, however there does not exist a suffix *-dek.
EDAL reconstructs *Ebür(d)ek in order to connect it with Proto-Tungusic*ābu-(“a kind of duck”) and Japanese鵜(u, “cormorant”) under the disputed Altaic theory.
1) Originally only in pronominal declension. 2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages. 3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill