Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/boĺ

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 This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

  • *boĺč (see Hungarian descendants)
  • *boĺča (or with another end-vowel; see Chuvash descendant; addition of an end vowel is, however, a late and regular characteristic of Volga-Kipchak borrowings into Chuvash according to Ščerbak)
  • *bōĺ(č) (see the long vowel in Karakhanid and Old Uighur)

Adjective

*boĺ

  1. empty
    Antonym: *tōl-
  2. free

Descendants

  • Oghur:
    • ⇒? Hungarian: búcsú (“farewell”)
    • >? Hungarian: *bocs- ('to excuse, forgive')
  • Proto-Common Turkic: *boš, *bōš, *poš (according to Ščerbak)
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Proto-Oghuz: *boš
      • Old Anatolian Turkish: (boş)
        • Azerbaijani: boş
        • Ottoman Turkish: بوش (boş)
          • Gagauz: boş
          • Turkish: boş
          • → Albanian: bosh
          • → Arabic: بوش (bōš) (in the dialects of Iraq, Syria, Egypt, Yemen, Tunisia)
          • → Armenian: բոշ (boš)
          • → English: bosh
          • → Macedonian: бош (boš)
          • → Serbo-Croatian:
            Cyrillic script: бо̏ш
            Latin script: bȍš
      • Turkmen: boş
  • Karluk
  • Kipchak:
    • Kipchak: بش (boš)
      • North Kipchak:
        • Bashkir: буш (buş)
        • Tatar: буш (buş)
        • → Chuvash: пушӑ (puš̬ă) (unless the Proto-Turkic form really had a final vowel, in which case inherited directly thence)
      • West Kipchak:
      • South Kipchak:
  • Siberian:

References

  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 376
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 82
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) “бош”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Nauka, pages 203-204
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*boĺ-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 330
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