Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kumursga
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Alternative forms
Reconstruction notes
Suffixation varies greatly between descendants. Oldest attestations, however, point to a *kumur(s)-ga, and so is adopted here.
Etymology
Perhaps analyzable as *kumur- (“to gnaw”) + *-ga, the latter being a common ending in animal names.
Noun
*kumursga
Declension
| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *kumursga |
| accusative | *kumursgag, *kumursganï1) |
| genitive | *kumursganïŋ |
| dative | *kumursgaka |
| locative | *kumursgada |
| ablative | *kumursgadan |
| allative | *kumursgagaru |
| instrumental 2) | *kumursgan |
| equative 2) | *kumursgača |
| similative 2) | *kumursgalayu |
| comitative 2) | *kumursgalïgu |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Proto-Common Turkic:
- Arghu: *kumur(s)-gač
- Khalaj: qumurğâç
- Oghuz: *kumur(s)-gan
- Salar: gumısgan
- Karluk: *kumurs-ga
- Kipchak: *kumurs-ga
- Mamluk-Kipchak: (qumursqa)
- Kipchak-Bulgar:
- Kipchak-Cuman:
- Kipchak-Nogai:
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Siberian Turkic:
- Old Uyghur: 𐰴𐰆𐰢𐰆𐰺𐰽𐰍𐰀 (qumur¹s¹ǧa /ḳumursġa/) (hapax legomenon)
- North Siberian Turkic: *kumurs-da(ń)-gač
- Yakut: кымырдаҕас (kımırdağas)
- South Siberian Turkic: *kumurs-ga(k)
Further reading
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kumursğa:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 628
- Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Indrik, page 139
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kumɨr-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill