Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hōdijan

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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *hōd (shelter, protection, defense) +‎ *-jan. Of uncertain ultimate origin regarding connections outside of West Germanic; often compared to Proto-Germanic *hattuz (hat, hood) or *hōdaz (hood), both perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (to cover, protect), but the combination of voiceless and aspirated consonants is not common. Perhaps a substrate word, or developed from a causative Proto-Indo-European *koHtéyeti.

Verb

*hōdijan

  1. to shelter; defend; protect against; guard; heed

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *hōdijan
1st sg. past *hōdidā
Infinitive *hōdijan
Genitive infin. *hōdijannjas
Dative infin. *hōdijannjē
Instrum. infin. *hōdijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *hōdiju *hōdidā
2nd singular *hōdisi *hōdidēs, *hōdidōs
3rd singular *hōdiþi *hōdidē, *hōdidā
1st plural *hōdijum *hōdidum
2nd plural *hōdiþ *hōdidud
3rd plural *hōdijanþ *hōdidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *hōdijē *hōdidī
2nd singular *hōdijēs *hōdidī
3rd singular *hōdijē *hōdidī
1st plural *hōdijēm *hōdidīm
2nd plural *hōdijēþ *hōdidīd
3rd plural *hōdijēn *hōdidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *hōdi
Plural *hōdiþ
Present Past
Participle *hōdijandī *hōdid

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “hüten”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
  2. ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “hoeden”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
  3. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “hoda”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 238