|1=
(required) - verb aspect, impf
for imperfective, pf
for perfective. Optionally insert -se
after verb aspect for reflexive form.|2=
(required) - conjugation class of the verb, which see following section. Note that the letters are written in the Latin alphabet, so for instance "2а" with a Cyrillic а (a) would not be recognized.|dt=
(required) - for Class 6b verbs, indicates whether the non-past forms are generated with a d/dz-root (d
) or a t/c-root (t
). Not required for verbs ending in -исц (-isc) or -йсц (-jsc) (defaults to d
). Has no effect on verbs of any other class.|short=1
(optional) - for Class 3a, Class 6 and Class 14 verbs, generates a short form of the masculine singular L-participle if exists. Has no effect on verbs of any other class.|impf_part=1
(optional) - for perfective verbs, retains the participles as used in an imperfective verb, i.e. present active participle as opposed to past active participle. Only applies to a small number of perfective verbs derived from prefixing imperfective verbs.The verb classification for this template is based on and modified from the classification as outlined in Сербско-руски словнїк Vol. 2 (1997) p. 874-876 and Ґраматика руского язика за І, ІІ, ІІІ и ІV класу ґимназиї (2005) p. 131-134, with 14 classes. The first 4 classes are productive, Class 5 is of limited productivity, and the rest are non-productive. For the sake of Latin-script presentation, sub-categories а, б, в etc. will be converted to a, b, c. Unless otherwise specified, present stem 2 is used to construct the 3rd person plural present tense form and imperative forms, while stem 1 is used for all other present tense forms. Class values followed by an asterisk have not been implemented in actual code.
Class 1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
1
|
чит-а-ц мен-я-ц (мень-а-ц) |
чит-а меня (мень-а) |
читаю (чит-ай-у) меняю (мень-ай-у) |
|
Class 2 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
2a
|
видз-и-ц дзелїц (дзель-и-ц) |
видз-и дзелї (дзель-и) |
видз-∅-а дзеля (дзель-∅-а) |
Class 2 L-participles use the suffix -е- (-e-) / -є- (-je-) as opposed to -и- (-i-) / -ї- (-ji-), e.g. робиц (robic) → робел (robel) rather than *робил (*robil). |
2b
|
роб-и-ц | роб-и | робя (роб-й-а) | Applies to verbs whose stem end with one of б, п, в, ф, м, р. Exception: патриц (patric) → патра (patra) rather than *патря (*patrja). The imperative is constructed as in Class 2a, with no inserted -й (-j). |
2c *
|
червенїц (червень-и-ц) | червенї (червень-и) | червеня (червень-∅-а) | A special case of Class 5, in reality an extension of Class 2a. Implemented as part of Class 2a. |
Class 3 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
3a
|
спад-ну-ц | спад-нє | спадню (спад-нь-у) |
|
3a
|
рос-ну-ц марз-ну-ц |
рош-нє марж-нє |
рошню (рош-нь-у) маржню (марж-нь-у)) |
Verbs in -снуц (-snuc) and -знуц (-znuc) give -шнє (-šnje) / -шню (-šnju) and -жнє (-žnje) / -жню (-žnju) in the present. |
3b
|
ги-ну-ц | ги-нє | гиню (ги-нь-у) | Has the imperative ending -нь (-nʹ), e.g. стануц (stanuc) → стань (stanʹ). |
Class 4 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
4
|
куп-ова-ц знємир-йова-ц |
куп-ує знємир-ює |
купую (куп-уй-у) знємирюю (знємирй-уй-у) |
|
Class 5 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
5
|
червен-ї-ц жовц-и-ц |
червен-єє жовц-еє |
червенєю (червень-ей-у) жовцею (жовц-ей-у) |
|
Class 6 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
6a
|
нє-с-ц ве-з-ц па-с-ц |
нє-ше ве-же па-ше |
нє-ш-у ве-ж-у па-ш-у |
|
6b
|
ве-с-ц пре-с-ц и-с-ц плє-с-ц гнє-с-ц |
ве-дзе пре-дзе и-дзе плє-це гнє-це |
ве-д-у пре-д-у и-д-у плє-т-у гнє-т-у |
|
Class 7 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
7a
|
ор-а-ц шме-я-ц |
ор-е шме-є |
ор-∅-у шмею (шмей-∅-у) |
The verbs брац (brac) and клац (klac) insert an additional vowel into the root in the present forms, therefore бере (bere) and беру (beru), колє (kolje) and колю (kolju). |
7b
|
пи-са-ц колї-са-ц бре-ха-ц вя-за-ц пла-ка-ц |
пи-ше колї-ше бре-ше вя-же пла-че |
пи-ш-у колї-ш-у бре-ш-у вя-ж-у пла-ч-у |
х, с → ш з → ж к → ч |
Class 8 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
8
|
клєч-а-ц сп-а-ц (*шпй-а-ц) |
клєч-и шп-и |
клєч-∅-а шпя (шпй-∅-а) |
In the Kucur dialect, Class 8 verbs (minus спац (spac)) have the infinitive ending -иц (-ic) and L-participle -ел- (-el-), in which case the declension is equivalent to Class 2a. |
Class 9 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
9
|
жи-ц зре-ц чу-ц |
жи-є зре-є чу-є |
жию (жи-й-у) зрею (зре-й-у) чую (чу-й-у) |
The provided dictionary splits these three examples into three separate cases based on the preceding vowel, however the present stems are all the same, so the distinction will not be made in this template. |
Class 10 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
10
|
шм-е-ц сц-е-ц |
шм-е сц-е |
шм-∅-у сц-∅-у |
|
Class 11 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
11
|
гр-а-ц обняц (обнь-а-ц) |
гр-еє обнєє (обнь-еє) |
грею (гр-ей-у) обнєю (обнь-ей-у) |
|
Class 12 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
12
|
ж-а-ц поч-а-ц вж-а-ц одоцац прецац поста-ц |
ж-нє поч-нє веж-нє одот-нє прет-нє поста-нє |
жню (ж-нь-у) почню (поч-нь-у) вежню (веж-нь-у) одотню (одот-нь-у) претню (прет-нь-у) постаню (поста-нь-у) |
|
Class 13 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
13
|
б-а-ц ст-а-ц пост-а-ц |
б-ої ст-ої пост-ої |
боя (б-ой-а) стоя (ст-ой-а) постоя (пост-ой-а) |
Can theoretically be considered an extension of Class 2, with present and imperative forms using a stem ending in -оїц (-ojic), while only the infinitive and L-participles retaining -а- (-a-). |
Class 14 | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
14
|
печ-и-ц облєч-и-ц стреж-и-ц мочи (*мож-и-ц) |
печ-е облєч-е стреж-е мож-е |
печ-∅-у облєч-∅-у стреж-∅-у мож-∅-у |
|
Irregular | ||||
Value | Infinitive | Present stem 1 | Present stem 2 | Notes |
irreg-єсц
|
єсц | є | є-дз-а | L-participles are єдол (jedol), єдла (jedla), etc. |
irreg-грац *
|
гра-ц | гра-є | граю (гра-й-у) | L-participles are грал (hral), грала (hrala), etc. Not to be confused with Class 11 грац (hrac). Implemented as a Class 9 verb. |
irreg-буц
|
бу-ц | бу-дз-е | бу-д-у |
|
irreg-гнац *
|
гнац | же-нє | женю (же-нь-у) | Compare Slovak hnať, with 3rd person present forms ženie and ženú. Implemented as an irregular Class 7a verb. |
irreg-прияц
|
прияц | при-ме | при-м-у | L-participles are приял (prijal), прияла (prijala), etc. Imperative root is прими (primi). |