User:Danny lost/sandbox/bronzo
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Italian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Attestions begin in northern Italy, and include bronzo in a Latin context in Liber consuetudinum Mediolani (1216); Lombard bronz, bronzo in Liber di Tre Scricciur, 1274; Venetan brondi ? in a semi-Latin document from Verona, 1339.
Immediately, possibly from Latin *brundium, or directly from Latin brandisium (var.: bra-/-i/-o), attested in recipes of bronze from the 8th-9th centuries CE. Related to Byzantine Greek βροντησίον (brontēsíon, “bronze”) (11th century), also from alchemy books.
Several theories exist for the earlier stages:
- The Greek has long been derived from Βρεντέσιον (Brentésion, “Brindisi”), known for the manufacture of bronze, or perhaps through a Vulgar Latin *aes brundusi(um), from the name of the same city.
- Alternatively from βροντή (brontḗ, “thunder”), via Byzantine Greek developments, due to the use of the metal in noise and sound producing devices. Or a related onomatopoeic theory, connecting may sonorous objects under the one family.
- More recently the Italian has ben connected ultimately with Persian برنج (berenj, beranj, “brass”) ~ پرنگ (pereng, “copper”),
- Among western languages, perhaps from Lombardic brunst (“burning, fire”), from Proto-Germanic *brunstiz, related to German Brunst, English burn. Less likely linked to Germanic through a Late Latin or Vulgar Latin *brunitius, related to Italian bruno (“brown”) and bruniccio (“brown”).
Reborrowed as Renaissance Latin bronzium, from the early 1400s. Although the earlier attestations intertwine with Latin, deep into the 16th century, Palladio still capitalized, and noted that the word is vulgar, that is, vernacular or dialectical.
Noun
bronzo m (plural bronzi)
- bronze (metal or object)
- 1581 , Andrea Palladio, I quattro libri dell'architettura di Andrea Palladio..., Venetia: appresso Domenico de' Franceschi:
- bell, especially church bell
Related terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
bronzo
References
- ^ Berlan, Francesco, ed. (1866). Liber consuetudinum Mediolani anni 1216 ex Bibliothecæ Ambrosianæ codice nunc primum editus, § XXXI. pp. 73-74
- ^ “Danny lost/sandbox/bronzo”, in TLIO – Tesoro della lingua italiana delle origini
- ^ Cipolla, Carlo (1902) “Un amico di Cangrande I della Scala e la sua famiglia”, in Memorie della Reale accademia delle scienze di Torino (II) (in Italian), volume 51, page 40,44. The house inventory text shows considerable variation in the metal's name: "Item unum calcirellum rami. Item unum calcirellum copertum rami. Item sex bronzinos rechalchi. Item mjor bronçelos rechalci. Item unum labetum brondi magni. Item unam labetam brondi parvam."
- ^ brónzo in sapere.it – De Agostini Editore
- ^ Berthelot, Marcellin (1891) “The origin of the word bronze”, in Digest: Review of Reviews Incorporating The Literary Digest, pages 715–716
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lippmann, Edmund O. von (1919) Entstehung und Ausbreitung der Alchemie, mit einem Anhange: Zur älteren Geschichte der Metalle : ein Beitrag zur Kulturgeschichte, Springer. See pp. 559-569, especially 560-564 for Lippmann's detailed discussion of previous theories, and his own (thunder), and pp. 467-471 for an introduction of the Latin manuscripts.
- ^ Cf. brandisium in Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1967– ) Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch, Munich: C.H. Beck
- ^ Greek transcription at: Berthelot, M. (Marcellin), Ruelle, Ch-Em (1887) Collection des anciens alchimistes grecs, Paris : G. Steinheil, V.xvi, page 376, line 22,25
- ^ Venezia, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Gr. Z. 299 (=584)
- ^ Berthelot (1888) “Sur le nom du bronze chez les alchimistes grecs”, in Journal des Savants (in French), page 677
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Pianigiani, Ottorino (1907) “bronzo”, in Vocabolario etimologico della lingua italiana (in Italian), Rome: Albrighi & Segati
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A Pascual (1983–1991) “Danny lost/sandbox/bronzo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ^ Kahane, Henry, Kahane, Renée (1968) “Graeco-Romance Etymologies (II)”, in Romance Philology, volume 21, number 4, →ISSN, →JSTOR, pages 502–510
- ^ Spitzer, L. (1923) “Etimologies catalanes”, in Butlletí de dialectologia catalana, volume 11, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, pages 119-122
- ^ Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 1657, pages 132–133
- ^ Cortelazzo, Manlio, Zolli, Paolo (1979) “bronzo”, in Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana, Paris: Librairie Larousse
- ^ Zambaldi, Francesco (1889) “brónzo”, in Vocabolario etimologico italiano, Castello: S. Lapi, page 170
- ^ "bronzium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- ^ Musso, Giovanni. Piacenza chronicle (Chronicon Placentinum). Edition in Muratori, Rerum italicarum scriptores, volume 16 (1730), p. 491
- ^ Ware, Isaac (1738) The four books of architecture..., R. Ware, page 5
Further reading
Danny lost/sandbox/bronzo in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana