These are the rules concerning transliteration in Old Anatolian Turkish entries.
No. | Letter | Name of letter | Transcription | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ا | elif | a, e, ẹ, i, ı, o, u, ö, ü | any short vowel, primarily /ɑ/, /æ ~ ɛ/, /e/ |
1b | آ | ā, a | /ɑ/, /ɑː/ | |
2 | ب | bē | b | /b/ |
3 | پ | pē | p | /p/ |
4 | ت | tē | t | /t/ |
5 | ث | sē | s | /s/ |
6 | ج | cīm | c | /d͡ʒ/ |
7 | چ | çīm | ç | /t͡ʃ/ |
8 | ح | ḥē | ḥ | /ħ/ ? |
9 | خ | ḫē | ḫ | /x/ |
10 | د | dāl | d | /d/ |
11 | ذ | zāl | z | /z/ |
12 | ر | rē | r | /r/ |
13 | ز | zē | z | /z/ |
14 | ژ | jē | j | /ʒ/ |
15 | س | sīn | s | /s/ |
16 | ش | şīn | ş | /ʃ/ |
17 | ص | sād | s | /s/ ? |
18 | ض | dād | z, d | /z/, /d/ ? |
19 | ط | ṭā | ṭ, d | /d̥/, /d/, /t/ (see below) |
20 | ظ | zā | z | /z/, /d/ ? |
21 | ع | ʼeyn | ʼ | /ʔ/ |
22 | غ | ġeyn | ġ | /ɢ/, /ɣ/ ? |
23 | ف | fē | f | /f/ |
24 | ق | qāf | q | /q/ |
25 | ك | kāf | k | /k/ |
kāf-ı nūnī | ŋ | /ŋ/ | ||
gāf | g | /ɡ/ | ||
26 | ل | lām | l | /l/ |
27 | م | mīm | m | /m/ |
28 | ن | nūn | n | /n/ |
29 | و | vāv | v, ū, u, ü, o, ö | /v/, /uː/, /u/, /y/, /œ/, /o/ |
30 | ه | hē | h, e, a | /h/, /æ ~ ɛ/, /ɑ/ |
31 | ی | yē | y, ī , ē, i, ı, ẹ | /j/, /iː/, /eː/, /ɯ/, /i/, /e/ |
0 | ء | hemze | ʼ, – | /ʔ/ |
Since vowels are not represented by their own letters in Old Anatolian Turkish, they must be transliterated according to their phonemic value.
Vowel Sound | Transcription |
---|---|
/ɑ/ | a |
/ɑː/ | ā |
/æ ~ ɛ/ | e |
/e/ | ẹ |
/eː/ | ē |
/i/ | i |
/iː/ | ī |
/ɯ/ | ı |
/o/ | o |
/oː/ | ō |
/œ/ | ö |
/u/ | u |
/uː/ | ū |
/y/ | ü |