From Proto-Celtic *koilos (“thin”), from Proto-Indo-European *koyHlo- (Latvian kails (“bare, naked”)). Compare Cornish and Welsh cul.
cáel (equative caílithir)
o/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | cáel | cáel | cáel |
Vocative | caíl* cáel** | ||
Accusative | cáel | caíl | |
Genitive | caíl | caíle | caíl |
Dative | cáel | caíl | cáel |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | caíl | cáela | |
Vocative | cáelu cáela† | ||
Accusative | cáelu cáela† | ||
Genitive | cáel | ||
Dative | cáelaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
cáel m
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | cáel | cáelL | caílL |
Vocative | caíl | cáelL | cáeluH |
Accusative | cáelN | cáelL | cáeluH |
Genitive | caílL | cáel | cáelN |
Dative | cáelL | cáelaib | cáelaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
cáel | cháel | cáel pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |