cis

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation, presumably from either English cosine and sine and the number i or translingual cos, i, and sin.

Symbol

cis

1. (mathematics) The function ${\displaystyle \mathrm {cis} (x)=\cos x+i\sin x}$.

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɪs/
• Rhymes: -ɪs
• Homophone: sis

Etymology 1

From Latin cis (“on this side (of), on the near or same side”). Doublet of he, it, here, hither, and hence.

Adjective

cis (not comparable)

1. (biology) Having two mutations on two genes on the same chromosome of a homologous pair.
2. (cytology) Of the side of the Golgi apparatus nearer to the endoplasmic reticulum.
3. (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the same side of the bond.
   • 1984, American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry, Papers Presented at the ... Meeting:

     9 is thought to survive longer when the CH = CH bond is cis and to favour the formation of another cis double bond in a propagation reaction involving its displacement by monomer. 10, on the other hand, is more likely to yield a trans double bond […]

   • 2007, Vickie A. Vaclavik, Elizabeth W. Christian, Essentials of Food Science, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 277:

     However, a cis double bond causes a kink in the chain. (A cis double bond introduces a bend of about 42 into the linear hydrocarbon chain.)

   • 2015, William P Edwards, The Science of Bakery Products, Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 26:

     A cis double bond is one where the hydrogen atoms are both on the same side. In contrast, a trans double bond has them on the opposite side.

4. (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are adjacent to each other.

   The cis effect is the labilization of ligands which are cis to certain other ligands.

Antonyms

• trans

Related terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Clipping of cisgender or cissexual, ultimately from Latin cis.

Alternative forms

• CIS (proscribed)

Adjective

cis (not comparable)

1. Cisgender (or sometimes cissexual): not trans (transgender or transsexual) nor non-binary.

   Coordinate term: trans

   • 2017 November 21, Trish Bendix, quoting Ashlee Marie Preston, “Why it matters that transgender women are speaking out about Jeffrey Tambor — and that people are listening”, in Yahoo! Lifestyle‎:

     We're demonized and criminalized as perverts out to trick and deceive cis hetero men; therefore anything that happens to us, we 'had coming.'

   • 2019 January 17, James Acaster: Cold Lasagne Hate Myself 1999‎, spoken by James Acaster:

     Oh yeah, because you know who's been long overdue a challenge? The trans community. Oh, they've had their guard down for too long if you ask me. They'll all be checking their privilege on the way home now thanks to you, you brave little cis boy!

   • 2019 September 24, Johnathan Van Ness, Over the Top: A Raw Journey to Self-Love, HarperCollins, →ISBN, pages 117–118:

     The reality is that LGBTQ+ people face challenges at disproportionally higher rates than their straight counterparts — drug use, sex work, and financial instability can be an unfortunate result. My privilege as a young cis white man whose parents weren't going to let me drown afforded me the ability to make those mistakes and live to talk about it.

Usage notes

Compare cis- and its usage notes. See also the usage notes for cis and cisgender in the latter’s entry.

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

• -ics, CSI, ICS, ICs, I²Cs, SCI, SIC, Sci., sci, sci., sic

Czech

Noun

cis n (indeclinable)

1. C-sharp

Further reading

• cis in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• cis in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from Ido cis, from Latin cis.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: cis

Preposition

cis

1. (nonstandard) on this side of

   Synonyms: ĉi-flanke de, maltrans

   Antonym: trans

   Ili loĝas cis tiuj montoj. ― They live on this side of those mountains.

   • 2003, Aleksander Korĵe (tr.), “Palto”, in Rusa novelaro‎, Kaliningrad: Sezonoj, translation of original by Nikolaj Gogol, archived from the original on 8 May 2013:

     ...la mortinta oficisto komencis aperi eĉ cis la ponto Kalinkin, kaŭzante grandan timon al ĉiuj malkuraĝuloj.

     ...the dead office worker began to appear even on this side of the Kalinkin bridge, causing great fear to all cowards.

   • 2010 September, Donald Broadribb, “Pri tramoj kaj tasoj da teo”, in Mirmekobo, number 10, page 24:

     Trans la strato, laŭ mia vidkapablo, troviĝas nur amaso da arboj; kaj cis, malnovaj mallarĝaj domoj kun komunaj muroj kaj nur etaj gazonoj, kvazaŭ oni devis enŝovi ilin pro manko de spaco.

     Across the street, as far as I can see, is found only a mass of trees; and on this side, little old houses with common walls and only small lawns, as if one had to shove into them for lack of space.

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:cis.

See also

• apud (“beside”)

References

Finnish

Etymology

From German Cis (German key notation).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsis/,

Noun

cis

1. (music) C-sharp

Usage notes

• Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.
• In speech, the declension is often: cissän, cissää, simiar to ässä.

Declension

Derived terms

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sis/

Preposition

cis

1. on this side of (anything)

   Cis la rivero la tereno esas pasable sika.

   On this side of the river the terrain is pretty dry.

Antonyms

• trans (“on the other side of, beyond, across”)

Derived terms

• cisa (“hither (on this side)”)
• cise (“(on) this side”)
• cisalpa (“cisalpine”)
• cis-

Descendants

• Esperanto: cis

Noun

cis (uncountable)

1. C sharp

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish ces (“basket, hamper, pannier; bee-hive, skep; causeway of hurdles”), from Old Norse kesja, Latin cista.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

cis f (genitive singular cise, nominative plural ciseanna)

1. wicker container; basket, crate
2. plaited or crossed twigs as support for causeway

Alternative forms

• ceas f

Noun

cis f (genitive singular cise)

1. restraint; (golf) handicap

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

• ciseadóireacht f (“wicker-work; basketry”)

Verb

cis (present analytic ciseann, future analytic cisfidh, verbal noun ciseadh, past participle ciste) (transitive, intransitive)

1. stand, place one's weight (ar (“on”))
2. restrain
3. (sports) handicap

Conjugation

Alternative forms

• cisigh

Derived terms

• cisí m (“handicapper”)

Descendants

• → Yola: kishe, kish

Mutation

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cis”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 ces”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English cis.

Adjective

cis (invariable)

1. cis

Anagrams

• -isc-, ics, sci

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *ki(s), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱís (“this”).

Cognate with ce-dō, hi-c, ec-ce, Ancient Greek ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, “that”), Old Irish cē (“here”), Gothic 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 (himma, “to this”). More at he, here.

The accusative could be from either the adverbial derivation, a metaphor like in post and ante, or analogy with trāns.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kis/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃis/,

Preposition

cis (+ accusative)

1. on or to this or the near side of; short of
2. before

Antonyms

• uls

Derived terms

• citer

References

• “cis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃis/
• Rhymes: -is

Interjection

cis (Jawi spelling چيس)

1. An expression of anger
2. ouch (expression in sympathy at another’s pain)
3. ouch (reply to an insult)

Further reading

• “cis” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Middle English

Adjective

cis

1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of chis

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃiːs/

Adjective

ċīs

1. Alternative form of ċīes

Declension

References

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “cís”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Angus Cameron, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette diPaolo Healey, editors (2018), “cīs”, in Dictionary of Old English: A to I ⁠‎, Toronto: University of Toronto, →OCLC.

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

Cis

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tisъ, from Proto-Indo-European *taḱs-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ɕis/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -is
• Syllabification: cis

Noun

cis m inan

1. yew
2. (singular only) wood of the yew

Declension

Note: genitive singular form "cisa" can be used only for sense #1.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sis/
• Rhymes: -is
• Syllabification: cis

Noun

cis n

1. C sharp

Further reading

• cis in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• cis in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: (Brazil) -is, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -iʃ

Adjective

cis (invariable)

1. cis, cisgender
   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:cis.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /ˈθis/
• IPA^(key): (Latin America) /ˈsis/
• Rhymes: -is
• Syllabification: cis

Adjective

cis (invariable)

1. cis, cisgender

Derived terms

Anagrams

• sic