ciseler

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French cisel (“pair of scissors”) + -er.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /siz.le/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

ciseler

  1. to chisel
  2. (of spices) to chop finely

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like parler, except the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-, as in the third-person singular present indicative il cisèle and the third-person singular future indicative il cisèlera.

Conjugation of ciseler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple ciseler
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple ciselant
/siz.lɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle ciselé
/siz.le/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present cisèle
/si.zɛl/ 		cisèles
/si.zɛl/ 		cisèle
/si.zɛl/ 		ciselons
/siz.lɔ̃/ 		ciselez
/siz.le/ 		cisèlent
/si.zɛl/
imperfect ciselais
/siz.lɛ/ 		ciselais
/siz.lɛ/ 		ciselait
/siz.lɛ/ 		ciselions
/si.zə.ljɔ̃/ 		ciseliez
/si.zə.lje/ 		ciselaient
/siz.lɛ/
past historic2 ciselai
/siz.le/ 		ciselas
/siz.la/ 		cisela
/siz.la/ 		ciselâmes
/siz.lam/ 		ciselâtes
/siz.lat/ 		ciselèrent
/siz.lɛʁ/
future cisèlerai
/si.zɛl.ʁe/ 		cisèleras
/si.zɛl.ʁa/ 		cisèlera
/si.zɛl.ʁa/ 		cisèlerons
/si.zɛl.ʁɔ̃/ 		cisèlerez
/si.zɛl.ʁe/ 		cisèleront
/si.zɛl.ʁɔ̃/
conditional cisèlerais
/si.zɛl.ʁɛ/ 		cisèlerais
/si.zɛl.ʁɛ/ 		cisèlerait
/si.zɛl.ʁɛ/ 		cisèlerions
/si.zɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /si.ze.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		cisèleriez
/si.zɛ.lə.ʁje/ or /si.ze.lə.ʁje/ 		cisèleraient
/si.zɛl.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present cisèle
/si.zɛl/ 		cisèles
/si.zɛl/ 		cisèle
/si.zɛl/ 		ciselions
/si.zə.ljɔ̃/ 		ciseliez
/si.zə.lje/ 		cisèlent
/si.zɛl/
imperfect2 ciselasse
/siz.las/ 		ciselasses
/siz.las/ 		ciselât
/siz.la/ 		ciselassions
/siz.la.sjɔ̃/ 		ciselassiez
/siz.la.sje/ 		ciselassent
/siz.las/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — cisèle
/si.zɛl/ 		— ciselons
/siz.lɔ̃/ 		ciselez
/siz.le/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Descendants

  • → Romanian: cizela

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
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