cyf-

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Welsh

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Welsh kyu-, from Old Welsh com-, from Proto-Brythonic *köβ̃-, from Proto-Celtic *kom-.[1] Cognate with Cornish kev-.

Pronunciation

Prefix

cyf-

  1. together, co-, con-
    Synonyms: cy-, cyd-, cyn-, cyt-
    cyf- + ‎un (one) → ‎cyfun (concordant, united)
    cyf- + ‎amod (condition) → ‎cyfamod (covenant)
    cyf- + ‎enw (name) → ‎cyfenw (surname)
  2. equal, similar, equi-
    cyf- + ‎lliw (colour) → ‎cyfliw (of the same colour)
    cyf- + ‎oed (age, time) → ‎cyfoed (contemporary, of the same age, at the same time)
    cyf- + ‎uwch (higher) → ‎cyfuwch (as high)
  3. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
    cyf- + ‎llym (sharp, keen) → ‎cyflym (quick, fast)
    cyf- + ‎agos (near) → ‎cyfagos (neighbouring, adjacent)
    cyf- + ‎llawn (full) → ‎cyflawn (complete, total)

Derived terms

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
cyf- gyf- nghyf- chyf-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (9)
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cyf-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies