dziesma

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See also: dziesmā

Latvian

 dziesma on Latvian Wikipedia
Dziesma

Etymology

From the same stem as dziedāt (q.v.), i.e., either from an earlier verb *dziet, or directly from a stem like *gied-, with an extra -s +‎ -ma. Cognates include Lithuanian giesmė̃ (spiritual, solemn song). A connection between dziesma and gaisma (light) has been suggested, given the similarity between their basic Proto-Indo-European stems (*gēy- “to sing, to call, to shout” and *gʰēy- “shiny, bright”) and the idea of saluting the dawn: an original verb *gēy-t(e)y may have meant both “to become light” and “to salute the light (by singing)” (cf. also gailis (cock, rooster), a word also possibly related to gaisma and dziesma).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
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Noun

dziesma f (4th declension)

  1. song (piece of vocal music with lyrics)
    solo dziesmasolo song
    kora dziesmachoir song
    masu dziesmamass song, hymn
    liriski romantiska dziesmalyric romantic song
    šūpļa dziesma, šūpuļdziesmalullaby (lit. cradle song)
    dziesmas tekstslyrics (lit. song text)
    dziesmas melodijasong melody
    tautas dziesmafolk song
    dziesmu krājumssong collection
    dziesmu svētkisong festival
    dziesmu grāmatasong book, hymn book, hymnal
    dziesma bez vārdiemsong without lyrics (instrumental music)
  2. (of birds, some insects) song (melodious sounds produced by the male to find and attract females)
    klausīties lakstīgalas dziesmāto listen to the nightingale song
    gaiļa dziesmacockcrow (lit. rooster song)
    circeņa dziesmacricket song
  3. (poetic) noise made by air, water, vibrating objects
    vēja dziesmathe song of the wind
    kuļmašīna sāka dūkt, un tās gaudulīgā dziesma Silāres laukos neapklusa līdz pat pusdienlaikamthe thresher began to hum, and its plaintive song didn't go silent in the fields of Silāre until noon

Declension

References

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “dziesma”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN