. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English for-, vor-, from Old English for-, fer-, fær-, fyr- (“far, away, completely”, prefix), from the merger of Proto-Germanic *fra- ("away, away from"; see fro, from) and Proto-Germanic *fur-, *far- (“through, completely, fully”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-, *per-, *pr-. Cognate with Scots for-, West Frisian fer-, for-, Dutch ver-, German ver-, Swedish för-, Danish for-, Norwegian for-, Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-), Latin pro-. More at for.
Pronunciation
- (stressed) IPA(key): /fɔː(ɹ)/
- (unstressed) IPA(key): /fə(ɹ)/
Prefix
for-
- (no longer productive) Forth: prefixed to verbs to indicate a direction of 'away', 'off', 'forth'.
- forsteal is to steal away, forloppin is being a runaway, forban is to exile, fordrive is to drive away, fortake is to take away, forthrow is to throw off, forshake is to shake off, forhow is to cast off
- (no longer productive) Exhausting: prefixed to verbs with the sense of wearing or exhausting one's self.
- forsing is to sing to exhaustion, forwander is to wander until weary, fortravel is to tire by travelling
- (no longer productive) Destructively: prefixed to verbs with the sense of destruction or pain.
- forhang is to hang to death, forthink is to cause distress or regret to, fordo is to kill
- (no longer productive) Wrongly: prefixed to verbs with the sense of wrongly, amorally.
- forteach is to misteach, forswear is to commit perjury, forworship is to worship wrongly, forlead is to mislead, forlive is to live pervertedly
- (no longer productive) Neglectfully: prefixed to verbs with the sense of abstaining from or neglecting.
- forslip is to allow someone or something to escape by letting them slip by; forslug is to lose, neglect, or destroy by sluggishness; forslack is to lose or spoil by slackness
- (no longer productive) Very: intensifying adjectives.
- forblack is extremely black, forswollen is excessively swollen
- (no longer productive) Making: prefixed to verbs to indicate the subject takes the character of the verb.
- fordote is to make foolish or doting, forguilt is to bring into a state of guilt
- (no longer productive) Excessively: prefixed to verbs with the sense of doing so in excessive or overwhelm.
- forwax is to grow to excess, forgrow is to grow to excess, forhare is to affright or harry exceedingly
- (no longer productive) Excluding: prefixed to verbs to give the sense of prohibition or exclusion.
- forjudge is to exclude by a judgment, forshut is to shut off or out, forbar is to exclude
- (no longer productive) Intensively
- forbeat is to beat, fordread is to be in dread of, forlay is to lie in wait for
- (no longer productive) Thoroughly: prefixed to verbs with the sense of thoroughly, all over.
- forgrow is to become grown over or become covered with growth, forbathe is to bathe abundantly or thoroughly, forseek is to seek thoroughly, forwrap is to wrap up
Derived terms
terms derived from exhausting
terms derived from wrongly
terms derived from destructively
terms derived from neglectfully
terms derived from making
terms derived from excessively
terms derived from excluding
terms derived from intensively
terms derived from thoroughly
References
“for-”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
Etymology 2
From Old English for-, which is identical with the preposition "for". In "Old English and Middle English it occurs frequently as a variant of fore- prefix, with the senses ‘before’, ‘in front’, ‘on behalf of’, etc.; cf. Old English for-, forecuman to come before, Middle English forganger and foreganger n."
Prefix
for-
- Alternative form of fore-.
- forstand is to stand in front of so as to bar the way, fordede is a deed done for another, forlead is alternative form of forelead (“lead forward, lead before”)
Etymology 3
"Occurring only in words adopted from French, as forcatch v., forfeit n., forprise n., represents Old French for-, fors-, identical with fors adv. (modern French hors) outside, out."
Alternative forms
Prefix
for-
- (rare) Outside, out.
- foreclose is to shut out, forprise is an exception or reservation, forfeit is that which is taken from somebody in requital of a misdeed committed
References
See also
Anagrams
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse for-, from Proto-Germanic *fra-.
Prefix
for-
- Makes verbs from adjectives meaning "to cause to be [adjective]".
- for- + skøn (“beautiful”) + -e (infinitive suffix) → forskønne (“beautify”)
- for- + sød (“sweet”) + -e → forsøde (“sweeten”)
- for- + uren (“unclean”) + -e → forurene (“pollute”)
- Denotes initial or preparatory action; pre-.
- for- + bore (“drill”) → forbore (“drill a hole for screwing”)
- for- + arbejde (“work”) → forarbejde (“preparatory work”)
Usage notes
This element appears in a great number of adapted loanwords from German, Low German and Dutch, to render ver- or vor-, such as in fordærve (“to decay, to rot”). In these cases, it may represent senses that are no longer, or never were, productive in Danish.
Derived terms
Further reading
Esperanto
Etymology
See for.
Pronunciation
Prefix
for-
- Movement to a distance.
- for- + pafi (“to shoot”) → forpafi (“to frighten off”)
- for- + veturi (“to drive”) → forveturi (“to drive away”)
- Disappearance or annihilation.
- for- + akrigi (“to sharpen”) → forakrigi (“to file down”)
- for- + leki (“to lick”) → forleki (“to lick off”)
Derived terms
French
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French , from Old French for-, partially from Late Latin forīs, taken as an adaptation of the adverb forīs (“outdoors, outside”) and used to calque Frankish words prefixed by *fur- (“for-”) (compare Late Latin foris faciō (“to do wrong”) = Old High German firwirken (“to do wrong”), forisfactus (“evil deed”) = Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (frawaurhts, “evil deed”), foris coⁿsilio (“to mislead”) = Old High German firleitan (“to mislead”), etc.), and partially continuing from Proto-Germanic *fur-, *fer-, *fra- (“away, from, off”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-, *per-, *pr-. See for-. Related to French fors (“except”), French hors (“outside”).
Pronunciation
Prefix
for-
- (nonproductive) prefix used to express error, exclusion, or inadequacy
Related terms
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse for-, from Proto-Germanic *fra-.
Prefix
for-
- previous, before, first, pre-
- for- + síða (“page”) → forsíða (“front page”)
- (emphatic) extremely
- negative meaning
Synonyms
Derived terms
Irish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *uɸor-.
Prefix
for-
- over, superior, super-
- outer, external
- great, extreme
Derived terms
Mutation
Irish mutation
|
Radical
|
Lenition
|
Eclipsis
|
for-
|
fhor-
|
bhfor-
|
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
|
Further reading
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English for-, from Proto-West Germanic *fra-, from Proto-Germanic *fra-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-.
The Old English prefix was reinforced by Proto-West Germanic *furi-, from Proto-Germanic *furi-; In Middle English, this prefix is further reinforced by Old French for-, from Latin foris.
Pronunciation
Prefix
for-
- Forms verbs meaning "far", "out" or with an intensive sense; for-.
- Forms verbs denoting a failure or error; for-.
- (no longer productive) Forms nouns with varying sense.
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “for-, pref.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “for-, pref.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Norwegian Bokmål
Prefix
for-
- previous, before, first, pre-
- for- + side (“page”) → forside (“front page”)
- (emphatic) extremely
- negative meaning
Synonyms
Derived terms
Old English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *fra-.
Cognates
Cognate with
Old Frisian for-,
Old Saxon far-,
for-,
Dutch ver-,
Old High German fir-,
far- (
German ver-), and, outside Germanic, with
Ancient Greek περί (perí),
Latin per-,
Old Church Slavonic пре- (pre-) (
Russian пе́ре- (pére-)).
Pronunciation
Prefix
for-
- wrongly, away from, astray, abstention, prohibition, perversion, destruction (verbal prefix)
- forwyrcan ― to do wrong, sin
- forstandan ― to defend, protect, stand for
- forweorpan ― to throw away, cast away, reject
- forstelan ― to steal away, deprive
- fordēman ― to condemn
- forlǣdan ― to mislead; seduce
- used to create intensified adjectives and verbs from other adjectives and verbs, with the sense of completely or fully; compare Modern English use of up
- forblāwan ― to blow up, inflate
- forbrecan ― to break up, break into pieces
- forstoppian ― to stop up, block, occlude
- forworen ― decayed, decrepit
- very
- forlȳtel ― very little
Usage notes
- This prefix was almost always unstressed, in both nouns and verbs.
Derived terms
Descendants
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *uɸor-. Prefix form of for.
Prefix
for-
- over-
Derived terms
Old Saxon
Prefix
for-
- Alternative form of far-