geall

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Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Irish gell (“pledge, surety”).

Noun

geall m (genitive singular gill, nominative plural geallta)

  1. pledge, pawn, token
  2. bet, wager
  3. asset, resource
  4. prize
Declension
Declension of geall (first declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative geall geallta
vocative a ghill a gheallta
genitive gill geallta
dative geall geallta
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an geall na geallta
genitive an ghill na ngeallta
dative leis an ngeall
don gheall 		leis na geallta

The archaic dative singular gioll is still encountered in phrases like i ngioll ar, a variant form of i ngeall ar.

Quotations
  • 1906, E. C. Quiggin, A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 74:
    bʹjuw gʹαL gə mʹɛ ʃə əNsə welʹə rĩv ə Nĩ:çə
    I bet you he will be home before night.
    (literally, “Let there be a bet that…”)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Irish gellaid (“to pledge”), from gell (“pledge, surety”).

Verb

geall (present analytic geallann, future analytic geallfaidh, verbal noun gealladh, past participle geallta) (ambitransitive)

  1. promise, assure
  2. allot (to)
Conjugation
conjugation of geall (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun gealladh
past participle geallta
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present geallaim geallann tú;
geallair† 		geallann sé, sí geallaimid geallann sibh geallann siad;
geallaid† 		a gheallann; a gheallas /
a ngeallann* 		gealltar
past gheall mé; gheallas gheall tú; gheallais gheall sé, sí gheallamar; gheall muid gheall sibh; gheallabhair gheall siad; ghealladar a gheall /
ar gheall* 		gealladh
past habitual gheallainn / ngeallainn‡‡ ghealltá / ngealltᇇ ghealladh sé, sí / ngealladh sé, s퇇 gheallaimis; ghealladh muid / ngeallaimis‡‡; ngealladh muid‡‡ ghealladh sibh / ngealladh sibh‡‡ gheallaidís; ghealladh siad / ngeallaidís‡‡; ngealladh siad‡‡ a ghealladh /
a ngealladh* 		ghealltaí / ngeallta퇇
future geallfaidh mé;
geallfad 		geallfaidh tú;
geallfair† 		geallfaidh sé, sí geallfaimid;
geallfaidh muid 		geallfaidh sibh geallfaidh siad;
geallfaid† 		a gheallfaidh; a gheallfas /
a ngeallfaidh* 		geallfar
conditional gheallfainn / ngeallfainn‡‡ gheallfá / ngeallfᇇ gheallfadh sé, sí / ngeallfadh sé, s퇇 gheallfaimis; gheallfadh muid / ngeallfaimis‡‡; ngeallfadh muid‡‡ gheallfadh sibh / ngeallfadh sibh‡‡ gheallfaidís; gheallfadh siad / ngeallfaidís‡‡; ngeallfadh siad‡‡ a gheallfadh /
a ngeallfadh* 		gheallfaí / ngeallfa퇇
subjunctive
present go ngealla mé;
go ngeallad† 		go ngealla tú;
go ngeallair† 		go ngealla sé, sí go ngeallaimid;
go ngealla muid 		go ngealla sibh go ngealla siad;
go ngeallaid† 		— go ngealltar
past dá ngeallainn dá ngealltá dá ngealladh sé, sí dá ngeallaimis;
dá ngealladh muid 		dá ngealladh sibh dá ngeallaidís;
dá ngealladh siad 		— dá ngealltaí
imperative
– geallaim geall gealladh sé, sí geallaimis geallaigí;
geallaidh† 		geallaidís — gealltar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Mutated forms of geall
radical lenition eclipsis
geall gheall ngeall

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

References
  1. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 6, page 6
  2. ^ Ó Sé, Diarmuid (2000) Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne (in Irish), Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann , →ISBN, § 33 (a), page 41
  3. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch , Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 131
  4. ^ Ó Máille, T. S. (1974) Liosta Focal as Ros Muc (in Irish), Baile Átha Cliath : Irish University Press, →ISBN, page 102
  5. ^ de Búrca, Seán (1958) The Irish of Tourmakeady, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 212, page 40
  6. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 431, page 139
  7. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  8. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gellaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Irish gell (“pledge, surety; stake, wager”).

Noun

geall m (genitive singular gill, plural gill)

  1. pledge
  2. mortgage
  3. bet, wager
  4. prize, reward
  5. desire, love
  6. notch
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Irish gellaid (“pledges oneself, vows, promises; pledges, wagers; gives in pledge; testifies”), from gell (“pledge, surety; stake, wager”).

Verb

geall (past gheall, future geallaidh, verbal noun gealltainn or gealladh, past participle geallte)

  1. promise, wager
  2. pledge, vow
Conjugation
Conjugation of geall (regular)
stem geall
verbal noun gealladh/gealltainn
past participle geallte
singular plural impersonal
first second third m/f first second third
independent past gheall mi gheall thu gheall e/i gheall sinn gheall sibh gheall iad ghealladh
future geallaidh mi geallaidh tu geallaidh e/i geallaidh sinn geallaidh sibh geallaidh iad geallar
gealltar
conditional gheallainn ghealladh tu ghealladh e/i gheallamaid
ghealladh sinn 		ghealladh sibh ghealladh iad ghealltadh
gheallaist1
gheallaiste1
negative past cha do gheall mi cha do gheall thu cha do gheall e/i cha do gheall sinn cha do gheall sibh cha do gheall iad cha do ghealladh
future cha gheall mi cha gheall thu cha gheall e/i cha gheall sinn cha gheall sibh cha gheall iad cha gheallar
cha ghealltar
conditional cha gheallainn cha ghealladh tu cha ghealladh e/i cha gheallamaid
cha ghealladh sinn 		cha ghealladh sibh cha ghealladh iad cha ghealltadh
cha gheallaist1
cha gheallaiste1
affirmative
interrogative 		past an do gheall mi? an do gheall thu? an do gheall e/i? an do gheall sinn? an do gheall sibh? an do gheall iad? an do ghealladh?
future an geall mi? an geall thu? an geall e/i? an geall sinn? an geall sibh? an geall iad? an geallar?
an gealltar?
conditional an geallainn? an gealladh tu? an gealladh e/i? an geallamaid?
an gealladh sinn? 		an gealladh sibh? an gealladh iad? an gealltadh?
an geallaist?1
an geallaiste?1
negative
interrogative 		past nach do gheall mi? nach do gheall thu? nach do gheall e/i? nach do gheall sinn? nach do gheall sibh? nach do gheall iad? nach do ghealladh?
future nach geall mi? nach geall thu? nach geall e/i? nach geall sinn? nach geall sibh? nach geall iad? nach geallar?
nach gealltar?
conditional nach geallainn? nach gealladh tu? nach gealladh e/i? nach geallamaid?
nach gealladh sinn? 		nach gealladh sibh? nach gealladh iad? nach gealltadh?
nach geallaist?1
nach geallaiste?1
relative
future 		affirmative (ma) gheallas mi (ma) gheallas thu (ma) gheallas e/i (ma) gheallas sinn (ma) gheallas sibh (ma) gheallas iad (ma) gheallar
negative (mur) geall mi (mur) geall thu (mur) geall e/i (mur) geall sinn (mur) geall sibh (mur) geall iad (mur) geallar
(mur) gealltar
imperative geallam geall gealladh e/i geallamaid geallaibh gealladh iad geallar
gealltar

1 Lewis dialect form

Mutation

Mutation of geall
radical lenition
geall gheall

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia