gjithë

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Albanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From dialectal gjidhë, from Proto-Albanian *semdza, from Proto-Indo-European *sem-ǵʰo- (compare Old Armenian եզ (ez), Latin singulus). The dialectal gji derives from Proto-Indo-European *sem-, also attested alone with the same meaning.[1] Related to çdo.

Pronunciation

Adjective

i gjithë (feminine e gjithë, masculine plural të gjithë, feminine plural të gjitha)

  1. whole, entire
    Synonym: tërë
  2. all, all of, all the, the whole, the entire
  3. (regional) every
    Synonym: çdo
  4. (unarticulated, in the singular) just like + intimate kinship term
    Synonym: tërë
    Gjithë e ëma. ― Just like his/her/their mother.
    Gjithë i ati. ― Just like his/her/their father.

Usage notes

Prepositive (i.e., precedes the noun) and usually articulated, though many fixed expressions lack articulation.

Derived terms

Words derived from gjithë (det.)

Pronoun

të gjithë (feminine të gjitha)

  1. all, everybody
    Të gjithë s’i kam shokë. ― Not all (of them) are my friends.
    Elona flet më mirë nga të gjithë. ― Elona speaks the best of all.
  2. all, everything
    I bleu të gjitha. ― He bought everything / He bought them all.

Usage notes

Articulated and plural.

References

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “gjithë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 136
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