hív

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See also: hiv, HIV, HIV+, and HIV-

Hungarian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Uralic *kaŋe- (to call).

Verb

hív

  1. (transitive) to call (to request, summon, or beckon)
    Perfective: meghív
  2. (transitive) to call (to contact by telephone)
    Perfective: felhív
    Hívom a rendőrséget.I'm calling the police.
  3. (transitive) to call (to name or refer to)
    Hogy hívnak (téged)? (informal)What’s your name? (literally, “How do they call you?”) Also: “what’s my/our name?”. Ambiguity may be averted with téged, titeket, engem, or minket.
    Hogy hívják (önt/magát)? (formal)What’s your name? (literally, “How do they call you?”) Also: “what’s his/her/its/their name?”. Ambiguity may be averted with önt, önöket, magát, magukat, őt, őket, ezt/azt, or ezeket/azokat.
Usage notes

In terms of introducing people, the verb’s indefinite form (e.g. hívnak in present tense) is used to express when someone calls (literally “they call”) me, us, or you in the informal way, singular or plural (or an indefinite, unspecified person), that is, when I am called, we are called, or (informal) you are called, i.e. I am introduced, we are introduced, or (informal) you are introduced.

On the other hand, its definite form (e.g. hívják in present tense) is used to express when someone calls (literally “they call”) him, her, it, them, or you in the formal way (or one or more definite person/people), that is, when he/she/it is called or they are called or (formal) you are called, i.e. he/she/it is introduced, they are introduced or (formal) you are introduced.

See also Definite and indefinite conjugations of Hungarian verbs in Wikipedia.

Conjugation
Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

Etymology 2

A variant form of (loyal).

Adjective

hív (comparative hívebb, superlative leghívebb)

  1. (archaic) Alternative form of (loyal, faithful, devoted)
Derived terms

Noun

hív (plural hívek)

  1. (with a possessive suffix) follower (one who follows), adherent
    Synonyms: követő, támogató
  2. (with a possessive suffix) devotee, admirer, enthusiast, fan
    Synonyms: rajongó, hódoló
  3. (religion, plural only) the faithful, parishioners, the congregation
    Synonyms: gyülekezet, egyházközség

Usage notes

Normally it is only used with possessive suffixes: hívem, híved, híve, etc., see below in the box "Possessive forms of hív".

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative hív hívek
accusative hívet híveket
dative hívnek híveknek
instrumental hívvel hívekkel
causal-final hívért hívekért
translative hívvé hívekké
terminative hívig hívekig
essive-formal hívként hívekként
essive-modal
inessive hívben hívekben
superessive híven híveken
adessive hívnél híveknél
illative hívbe hívekbe
sublative hívre hívekre
allative hívhez hívekhez
elative hívből hívekből
delative hívről hívekről
ablative hívtől hívektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
hívé híveké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
hívéi hívekéi
Possessive forms of hív
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. hívem híveim
2nd person sing. híved híveid
3rd person sing. híve hívei
1st person plural hívünk híveink
2nd person plural hívetek híveitek
3rd person plural hívük híveik

See also

  • hisz (to believe, think)hívő (unrelated to the above verb)

References

  1. ^ Entry #240 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ hív in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • (to call, invite): hív in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (faithful; follower): hív in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN