lub

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See also: lùb, lúb, and łub

Translingual

Symbol

lub

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Luba-Katanga.

Masurian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish lub. By surface analysis, clipping of lubo.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Syllabification: lub

Conjunction

lub

  1. (sometimes repeated) or, and/or
  2. or, that is, i.e.

Further reading

  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021) “lub”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎, volume 4, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 53

Old Polish

Etymology

Clipping of lubo. First attested in c. 1487.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /lʲu(ː)p/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /lʲup/

Conjunction

lub

  1. or, that is, and/or
    Synonym: lubo

Descendants

  • Masurian: lub
  • Polish: lub
  • Silesian: lub

References

  1. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “lub”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  2. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “lub”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  3. ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “lub”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego

Polish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish lub. By surface analysis, clipping of lubo.

Conjunction

lub

  1. (sometimes repeated) or, and/or
    Synonyms: abo, albo, bądź, czy
Alternative forms

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), lub is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 255 times in scientific texts, 42 times in news, 80 times in essays, 45 times in fiction, and 11 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 433 times, making it the 223rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

lub

  1. second-person singular imperative of lubić

References

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “lub”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 1

Further reading

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish lub.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlup/
  • Rhymes: -up
  • Syllabification: lub

Conjunction

lub

  1. (sometimes repeated) or, and/or
    Synonym: abo

Further reading

  • lub in dykcjonorz.eu
  • lub in silling.org

White Hmong

Etymology

From Proto-Hmong *ʔlɛŋᴬ (“classifier for bowls and houses”), borrowed from Chinese 庵 (ān, “thatched hut”). Cognate with Proto-Mien *ʔnɛɔmᴬ (“id”).

Other proposals consider the word as borrowed from Proto-Tai *lɯ:kᴰ (“child (offspring)”). If that case, then cognate with Thai ลูก (lûuk), Northern Thai ᩃᩪᨠ, Lao ລູກ (lūk), Lü ᦟᦴᧅ (luuk), Tai Dam ꪩꪴꪀ, Shan လုၵ်ႈ (lūk), Tai Nüa ᥘᥧᥐ (luk), Khamti လုက်ႉ, Phake လုက် (luk), Ahom 𑜎𑜤𑜀𑜫 (luk), Bouyei leg, Zhuang lwg. Within Kra-Dai, compare Sui laag (“son”), Proto-Hlai *hlɯːk (“child; offspring”) (whence ɗɯːʔ⁷~ɬɯːʔ⁷~ɬɯːk⁷~ɬɯaʔ⁷ across the different lects) and Proto-Be *ləːkᴰ² (“child; offspring”) (whence lɛk⁸~lək⁸ across the different lects). Compare also Siraya alak.

Pronunciation

Classifier

lub

  1. classifier for objects characterized by bulk or roundness:
    1. (classifier) ball; round object.
    2. (classifier) building.
    3. (classifier) abstract idea.

References

  • Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎, SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 118.
  1. ^ Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 225; 249.
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