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Unknown. The once-popular derivation from Egyptian
(bw, “place, thing, -ness”) is untenable given the form of the Fayyumic descendant. A corresponding hieroglyphic Egyptian word
(mꜣꜥ, “place”) is attested from the end of the Third Intermediate Period onward, especially in late temple inscriptions, with the earliest certain attestation being in Papyrus Brooklyn 47.218.84, but this is contemporaneous with the spread of early Demotic. Meeks proposes that another term bpꜣt attested at the beginning of the Ramesside Period might be an early writing of the same word, but the absence of the final ayin is problematic.
Janet H. Johnson, editor (2001), The Demotic Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, volume M (10.1), Chicago: The University of Chicago, pages 21–29
↑ 2.02.1Meeks, Dimitri (1994) “Étymologies coptes. Notes et remarques” in Coptology: Past, Present and Future: Studies in Honour of Professor Rodolphe Kasser, Louvain: Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 61, page 203–204. Meeks dates the papyrus to the Third Intermediate Period in this article, but Trismegistos and the Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae place it in the reign of Psamtik I, citing his 2006 “Mythes et legendes du Delta d’après le papyrus 47.218.8” in Mémoires publiés par les membres de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Caire 125, pages 458–491.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
Meeks, Dimitri (1994) “Étymologies coptes. Notes et remarques” in Coptology: Past, Present and Future: Studies in Honour of Professor Rodolphe Kasser, Louvain: Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 61, page 203–204
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