peior

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See also: pejor

Latin

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *ped-yōs (to the ground, downward), from *ped- (to walk, fall, stumble); compare pessimus (worst). Michiel de Vaan notes that a similar phonetic change */ > * can be observed in the etymology of caelum (chisel) and caia (cudgel) from Proto-Italic *kaid(s)lo- and *kaidjā- respectively. Cognate to pēs, pessum.

Pronunciation

Adjective

peior (neuter peius); third declension

  1. comparative degree of malus; worse
    Synonym: deterior, nequior

Usage notes

  • In dictionaries published before the 21st century, the root vowel can often be found marked as long, but it is in those cases indicated to be long by position rather than by nature. This convention is abolished in modern dictionaries, which give, depending on typography, peior or pejor without a macron. The vowel is thus properly short, as can be indicated by the variant typographic spelling pĕjjor.

Declension

Third-declension comparative adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masc./Fem. Neuter Masc./Fem. Neuter
Nominative peior peius peiōrēs peiōra
Genitive peiōris peiōrum
Dative peiōrī peiōribus
Accusative peiōrem peius peiōrēs peiōra
Ablative peiōre peiōribus
Vocative peior peius peiōrēs peiōra

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Italo-Romance:
    • Italian: peggiore
    • Sicilian: pijuri
  • North Italian:
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
  • Borrowings:

See also

References

  • peior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “peiior”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 455
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pessum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “caedō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 79–80

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin pēiōrem, accusative singular of pēior. The nominative form, pire (whence modern French pire) derives from the Latin nominative.

Adjective

peior (oblique singular, nominative singular pire)

  1. worse; comparative degree of mal
  2. worst; superlative degree of mal

Declension

Antonyms

Descendants

  • French: pire (from nominative form)

References

Portuguese

Adjective

peior m or f (plural peiores)

  1. Obsolete spelling of pior

Adverb

peior

  1. Obsolete spelling of pior