potkia

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See also: pötkiä

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *pockidak. Equivalent to potka (“hind leg, shank”) +‎ -ia.

Pronunciation

Verb

potkia

  1. (transitive) to kick (repeatedly/continuously)
  2. (transitive, figurative) to kick out, dismiss, expel, eject
Usage notes
  • potkia represents an action that is not temporally confined, e.g. that it is continuous: compare potkaista.
  • (to kick): Usually atelic (partitive), but telic (accusative) use is also fairly common.
Conjugation
Inflection of potkia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. potkin en potki 1st sing. olen potkinut en ole potkinut
2nd sing. potkit et potki 2nd sing. olet potkinut et ole potkinut
3rd sing. potkii ei potki 3rd sing. on potkinut ei ole potkinut
1st plur. potkimme emme potki 1st plur. olemme potkineet emme ole potkineet
2nd plur. potkitte ette potki 2nd plur. olette potkineet ette ole potkineet
3rd plur. potkivat eivät potki 3rd plur. ovat potkineet eivät ole potkineet
passive potkitaan ei potkita passive on potkittu ei ole potkittu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. potkin en potkinut 1st sing. olin potkinut en ollut potkinut
2nd sing. potkit et potkinut 2nd sing. olit potkinut et ollut potkinut
3rd sing. potki ei potkinut 3rd sing. oli potkinut ei ollut potkinut
1st plur. potkimme emme potkineet 1st plur. olimme potkineet emme olleet potkineet
2nd plur. potkitte ette potkineet 2nd plur. olitte potkineet ette olleet potkineet
3rd plur. potkivat eivät potkineet 3rd plur. olivat potkineet eivät olleet potkineet
passive potkittiin ei potkittu passive oli potkittu ei ollut potkittu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. potkisin en potkisi 1st sing. olisin potkinut en olisi potkinut
2nd sing. potkisit et potkisi 2nd sing. olisit potkinut et olisi potkinut
3rd sing. potkisi ei potkisi 3rd sing. olisi potkinut ei olisi potkinut
1st plur. potkisimme emme potkisi 1st plur. olisimme potkineet emme olisi potkineet
2nd plur. potkisitte ette potkisi 2nd plur. olisitte potkineet ette olisi potkineet
3rd plur. potkisivat eivät potkisi 3rd plur. olisivat potkineet eivät olisi potkineet
passive potkittaisiin ei potkittaisi passive olisi potkittu ei olisi potkittu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. potki älä potki 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. potkikoon älköön potkiko 3rd sing. olkoon potkinut älköön olko potkinut
1st plur. potkikaamme älkäämme potkiko 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. potkikaa älkää potkiko 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. potkikoot älkööt potkiko 3rd plur. olkoot potkineet älkööt olko potkineet
passive potkittakoon älköön potkittako passive olkoon potkittu älköön olko potkittu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. potkinen en potkine 1st sing. lienen potkinut en liene potkinut
2nd sing. potkinet et potkine 2nd sing. lienet potkinut et liene potkinut
3rd sing. potkinee ei potkine 3rd sing. lienee potkinut ei liene potkinut
1st plur. potkinemme emme potkine 1st plur. lienemme potkineet emme liene potkineet
2nd plur. potkinette ette potkine 2nd plur. lienette potkineet ette liene potkineet
3rd plur. potkinevat eivät potkine 3rd plur. lienevät potkineet eivät liene potkineet
passive potkittaneen ei potkittane passive lienee potkittu ei liene potkittu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st potkia present potkiva potkittava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st potkiakseni potkiaksemme
2nd potkiaksesi potkiaksenne
3rd potkiakseen
potkiaksensa
past potkinut potkittu
2nd inessive2 potkiessa potkittaessa agent4 potkima
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st potkiessani potkiessamme
2nd potkiessasi potkiessanne
3rd potkiessaan
potkiessansa
negative potkimaton
instructive potkien —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd inessive potkimassa —
elative potkimasta —
illative potkimaan —
adessive potkimalla —
abessive potkimatta —
instructive potkiman potkittaman
4th3 verbal noun potkiminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st potkimaisillani potkimaisillamme
2nd potkimaisillasi potkimaisillanne
3rd potkimaisillaan
potkimaisillansa
Derived terms
nouns
verbs

Further reading

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

potkia

  1. partitive plural of potka

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *pockidak, equivalent to potka (“hind leg”) +‎ -ia. Cognates include Finnish potkia and Estonian põtkida.

Pronunciation

Verb

potkia

  1. (transitive) to kick
Conjugation
Conjugation of potkia (type 7/oppia, k- gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular potin en poti 1st singular oon potkint, oon potkinut en oo potkint, en oo potkinut
2nd singular potit et poti 2nd singular oot potkint, oot potkinut et oo potkint, et oo potkinut
3rd singular potkii ei poti 3rd singular ono potkint, ono potkinut ei oo potkint, ei oo potkinut
1st plural potimma emmä poti 1st plural oomma potkineet emmä oo potkineet
2nd plural potitta että poti 2nd plural ootta potkineet että oo potkineet
3rd plural potkiit1), potkivat2), potitaa evät poti, ei potita 3rd plural ovat potkineet evät oo potkineet, ei oo potittu
impersonal potitaa ei potita impersonal ono potittu ei oo potittu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular potin en potkint, en potkinut 1st singular olin potkint, olin potkinut en olt potkint, en olt potkinut
2nd singular potit et potkint, et potkinut 2nd singular olit potkint, olit potkinut et olt potkint, et olt potkinut
3rd singular potki ei potkint, ei potkinut 3rd singular oli potkint, oli potkinut ei olt potkint, ei olt potkinut
1st plural potimma emmä potkineet 1st plural olimma potkineet emmä olleet potkineet
2nd plural potitta että potkineet 2nd plural olitta potkineet että olleet potkineet
3rd plural potkiit1), potkivat2), potittii evät potkineet, ei potittu 3rd plural olivat potkineet evät olleet potkineet, ei olt potittu
impersonal potittii ei potittu impersonal oli potittu ei olt potittu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular potkisin en potkis 1st singular olisin potkint, olisin potkinut en olis potkint, en olis potkinut
2nd singular potkisit, potkiist1) et potkis 2nd singular olisit potkint, olisit potkinut et olis potkint, et olis potkinut
3rd singular potkis ei potkis 3rd singular olis potkint, olis potkinut ei olis potkint, ei olis potkinut
1st plural potkisimma emmä potkis 1st plural olisimma potkineet emmä olis potkineet
2nd plural potkisitta että potkis 2nd plural olisitta potkineet että olis potkineet
3rd plural potkisiit1), potkisivat2), potittais evät potkis, ei potittais 3rd plural olisivat potkineet evät olis potkineet, ei olis potittu
impersonal potittais ei potittais impersonal olis potittu ei olis potittu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular — — 1st singular — —
2nd singular poti elä poti 2nd singular oo potkint, oo potkinut elä oo potkint, elä oo potkinut
3rd singular potkikoo elköö potkiko 3rd singular olkoo potkint, olkoo potkinut elköö olko potkint, elköö olko potkinut
1st plural — — 1st plural — —
2nd plural potkikaa elkää potkiko 2nd plural olkaa potkineet elkää olko potkineet
3rd plural potkikoot elkööt potkiko, elköö potittako 3rd plural olkoot potkineet elkööt olko potkineet, elköö olko potittu
impersonal potittakkoo elköö potittako impersonal olkoo potittu elköö olko potittu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular potkinen en potkine
2nd singular potkinet et potkine
3rd singular potkinoo ei potkine
1st plural potkinemma emmä potkine
2nd plural potkinetta että potkine
3rd plural potkinoot evät potkine, ei potittane
impersonal potittannoo ei potittane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st potkia present potkiva potittava
2nd inessive potkijees past potkint, potkinut potittu
instructive potkien 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (potkikaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative potkimaa
inessive potkimaas
elative potkimast
abessive potkimata
4th nominative potkimiin
partitive potkimista, potkimist
Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Noun

potkia

  1. partitive plural of potka

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 426
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