From prō- + the root of parō, pariō, thus signifying "readiness".
properus (feminine propera, neuter properum, adverb properē); first/second-declension adjective
According to Döderlein, celer and citus mean "swift, fast, quick" in terms of quick motion (in general) with tardus as their antonym. More specifically, citus refers to a lively motion, whereas celer refers to an eager or impetuous motion.
On the other hand, pernīx and vēlōx as "quick" denote a level of athletic nimbleness in terms of bodily activity, with lentus as their antonym. More specifically, pernīx involves a level of dexterity and quickness in an eclectic range of actions (such as climbing, hurdling, jumping, vaulting, etc.); whereas vēlōx is especially used for running, swimming and flying (moving in a direction)
Thirdly, properus and festīnus as "quick" refer specifically to one's speed in terms of the shortest time to reach a destination, with sēgnis as their antonym. More specifically, festīnus intimates a certain level of impatience, whereas properus simply indicates a haste from energy simply.
First/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | properus | propera | properum | properī | properae | propera | |
| genitive | properī | properae | properī | properōrum | properārum | properōrum | |
| dative | properō | properae | properō | properīs | |||
| accusative | properum | properam | properum | properōs | properās | propera | |
| ablative | properō | properā | properō | properīs | |||
| vocative | propere | propera | properum | properī | properae | propera | |