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Egyptian
Pronunciation
Verb
3-lit.
- (intransitive) to be(come) bright in color or illumination
- (intransitive) to shine, to be(come) bright with radiance
- (transitive) to illuminate, to brighten with light
Inflection
Conjugation of sšp (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sšp, geminated stem: sšpp
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
sšp
|
sšpw, sšp
|
sšpt
|
sšp
|
sšp
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
sšp
|
ḥr sšp
|
m sšp
|
r sšp
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
sšp.n
|
sšpw, sšp
|
consecutive
|
sšp.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
sšpt
|
| perfective3
|
sšp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
sšp.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
sšp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
sšp
|
sšpp
|
potentialis1
|
sšp.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
sšp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
sšp.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
sšp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
sšp
|
sšp, sšpw5, sšpy5
|
| imperfective
|
sšp, sšpy, sšpw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
sšp, sšpj6, sšpy6
|
sšp, sšpw5
|
| prospective
|
sšp, sšptj7
|
—
|
sšptj4, sšpt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sšp
Derived terms
Noun
m
- light, illumination
c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE,
Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 12–13:
- ḫꜥ ḥr nst nt (j)t.f mj rꜥ wbn.f m ꜣḫt rdj.f šsp n ḥr(j) kkw sḥḏ.n.f šw m šwtj.fj bꜥḥ.n.f tꜣwj mj jṯn m tp-dwꜣyt
- One shining forth on the throne of his father like Ra when he rises in the Akhet, he gave light to what was covered by darkness, having brightened the air with his two plumes, having flooded the Two Lands (Egypt) like the sun disk at the break of dawn.
- the brightness of dawn or day
Inflection
Declension of sšp (masculine)
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sšp
References
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 282.7–284.4, 284.8–284.9
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 247, 272
