tʾcyk'

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Middle Persian

Etymology

From Arabic طَيِّء (ṭayyiʔ, “name of an Arab clan”). Compare Classical Syriac ܛܝܝܐ (Ṭayyāyāʾ, “Arab”). Compare the truncated Arabic form طَيّ (ṭayy) with Persian (ray, “Ray”) and (râzi, “a person from Ray”). More at Tajiks.

Akin to Sogdian 𐽂𐼰𐼵𐼷𐼸 (tʾzyk /⁠tāžīk⁠/, “Arab”), 𐽂𐼰𐼵𐼷𐼸𐼰𐼻𐼸 (tʾzykʾnk, “Arabic”), 𐫎𐫀𐫋𐫏𐫃𐫀𐫗𐫏𐫏 (ṯʾjygʾnyy), borrowed from Parthian (/⁠*tāžīg⁠/, “Arab”).

For the sense "swift", compare Middle Persian (tʾhtn' /⁠tāxtan⁠/), (tʾc- /⁠tāz-⁠/, “cause to run, flow; chase; pour”).

Noun

tʾcyk' • (Tāzīg)

Arab

Adjective

tʾcyk' • (Tāzīg)

Arab

Descendants

Persian: تازی (tâzi, “Arab, Arabic”), تازیک (Tâzik)
Tajik: тоҷикӣ (tojiki, “Tajik”)
→ Old Armenian: տաճիկ (tačik, “Arab”)
- Armenian: տաճիկ (tačik, “Turk”)
→ Middle Chinese: 大食 (MC dajH zyik)
- Mandarin: 大食 (Dàshí)
→ Old Turkic: (Täzik, “non-Turk/Iranian of Central Asia”)
- → Persian: تازیک (tâzik), تاجیک (Tâjik) (possibly)
  - → English: Tajik
→ Tibetan: སྟག་གཟིག (stag gzig), ཏ་ཟིག (ta zig)
→ Udi: тажикӏ (tažiḳ)

Adjective

tʾcyk' • (tāzīg)

swift, fast

Descendants

→ Old Armenian: տաճիկ (tačik, “swift”)
- → Georgian: ტაჭიკი (ṭač̣iḳi, “swift horse”)

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “tāxtan, tāz-, ¹tāzīg, ²Tāzīg”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 83
B.G. Franger (2000), "Tādjīk", Encyclopedia of Islam, vol. X, Leiden: E. J. Brill, →ISBN, pages 62–64
Agnes Korn, "Parthian ž", page 17

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