tullõ

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Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *tuldak, from Proto-Uralic *tole-.

Pronunciation

Verb

tullõ

  1. to come
  2. to arrive
  3. (of rain, snow etc.) to come down, to fall
  4. to come to pass, to happen
  5. to come up, to arise, to appear
  6. to become, to turn into

Inflection

Conjugation of tullõ (type V-3/tullõ, no gradation)
Indicative
Present Perfect
positive negative positive negative
1st singular tuõn en tuõ 1st singular õõn tullu en õõ tullu
2nd singular tuõd ed tuõ 2nd singular õõd tullu ed õõ tullu
3rd singular tuõb eb tuõ 3rd singular on tullu eb õõ tullu
1st plural tuõmmõ emmä tuõ 1st plural õõmmõ tullu emmä õõ tullu
2nd plural tuõttõ että tuõ 2nd plural õõttõ tullu että õõ tullu
3rd plural tulla eväd tuõ 3rd plural õlla tultu eväd õõ tultu
impersonal tulla eväd tuõ impersonal õlla tultu eväd õõ tultu
Imperfect Pluperfect
positive negative positive negative
1st singular tulin en tullu 1st singular õlin tullu —
2nd singular tulid ed tullu 2nd singular õlid tullu —
3rd singular tuli eb tullu 3rd singular õli tullu —
1st plural tulimmõ emmä tullu 1st plural õlimmõ tullu —
2nd plural tulittõ että tullu 2nd plural õlittõ tullu —
3rd plural tulti eväd tultu 3rd plural õlti tultu —
impersonal tulti eväd tultu impersonal õlti tultu —
Conditional
Present Perfect
positive negative positive negative
1st singular tulõizin en tulõizʹ 1st singular õllõizin tullu en õllõizʹ tullu
2nd singular tulõizid ed tulõizʹ 2nd singular õllõizid tullu ed õllõizʹ tullu
3rd singular tulõizʹ eb tulõizʹ 3rd singular õllõizʹ tullu eb õllõizʹ tullu
1st plural tulõizimmõ emmä tulõizʹ 1st plural õllõizimmõ tullu emmä õllõizʹ tullu
2nd plural tulõizittõ että tulõizʹ 2nd plural õllõizittõ tullu että õllõizʹ tullu
3rd plural tultaizʹ eväd tultaizʹ 3rd plural õltaizʹ tultu eväd õltaizʹ tultu
impersonal tultaizʹ eväd tultaizʹ impersonal õltaizʹ tultu eväd õltaizʹ tultu
Imperative
Present
positive negative
1st singular — —
2nd singular tuõ elä tuõ
3rd singular tulko1) elko tulko1)
1st plural — —
2nd plural tulka elka tulka
3rd plural tulkod1) —
impersonal — —
Nominal forms
Infinitives Participles
active passive
1st tullõ present tulõjõ2) —
2nd illative tulõma past tullu tultu
inessive tulõmõz 1) using la is more common
2) also used as the agent noun
elative tulõmõssõ
abessive tulõmõttõ

References

  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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