épargner

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French espargnier, from Vulgar Latin sparāniāre (attested in the Reichenau Glossary), from Frankish *sparanjan, from Proto-West Germanic *sparēn (compare English spare).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /e.paʁ.ɲe/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

épargner

  1. to save (time, money etc.)
    il faut épargner sur la nourriture
    you have to save on food
  2. to save, spare (someone from something)

Conjugation

Conjugation of épargner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple épargner
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple épargnant
/e.paʁ.ɲɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle épargné
/e.paʁ.ɲe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present épargne
/e.paʁɲ/ 		épargnes
/e.paʁɲ/ 		épargne
/e.paʁɲ/ 		épargnons
/e.paʁ.ɲɔ̃/ 		épargnez
/e.paʁ.ɲe/ 		épargnent
/e.paʁɲ/
imperfect épargnais
/e.paʁ.ɲɛ/ 		épargnais
/e.paʁ.ɲɛ/ 		épargnait
/e.paʁ.ɲɛ/ 		épargnions
/e.paʁ.ɲjɔ̃/ 		épargniez
/e.paʁ.ɲje/ 		épargnaient
/e.paʁ.ɲɛ/
past historic2 épargnai
/e.paʁ.ɲe/ 		épargnas
/e.paʁ.ɲa/ 		épargna
/e.paʁ.ɲa/ 		épargnâmes
/e.paʁ.ɲam/ 		épargnâtes
/e.paʁ.ɲat/ 		épargnèrent
/e.paʁ.ɲɛʁ/
future épargnerai
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁe/ 		épargneras
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁa/ 		épargnera
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁa/ 		épargnerons
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɔ̃/ 		épargnerez
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁe/ 		épargneront
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɔ̃/
conditional épargnerais
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɛ/ 		épargnerais
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɛ/ 		épargnerait
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɛ/ 		épargnerions
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		épargneriez
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁje/ 		épargneraient
/e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present épargne
/e.paʁɲ/ 		épargnes
/e.paʁɲ/ 		épargne
/e.paʁɲ/ 		épargnions
/e.paʁ.ɲjɔ̃/ 		épargniez
/e.paʁ.ɲje/ 		épargnent
/e.paʁɲ/
imperfect2 épargnasse
/e.paʁ.ɲas/ 		épargnasses
/e.paʁ.ɲas/ 		épargnât
/e.paʁ.ɲa/ 		épargnassions
/e.paʁ.ɲa.sjɔ̃/ 		épargnassiez
/e.paʁ.ɲa.sje/ 		épargnassent
/e.paʁ.ɲas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — épargne
/e.paʁɲ/ 		— épargnons
/e.paʁ.ɲɔ̃/ 		épargnez
/e.paʁ.ɲe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading

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