δραχμή
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Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
Typically derived as a verbal noun (“holding”) of δράσσομαι (drássomai, “to hold, to seize”). Beekes, however, argues that the existence of the variants δαρχμά (darkhmá) and δαρχνά (darkhná) means δραχ- (drakh-) and δαρχ- (darkh-) do not continue the zero-grade of Proto-Hellenic *dr̥kʰ- and instead derive from an otherwise unknown Pre-Greek substrate term.[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /drakʰ.mɛ̌ː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /drakʰˈme̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ðraxˈmi/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ðraxˈmi/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ðraxˈmi/
Noun
δρᾰχμή • (drăkhmḗ) f (genitive δρᾰχμῆς); first declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ δρᾰχμή hē drăkhmḗ |
τὼ δρᾰχμᾱ́ tṑ drăkhmā́ |
αἱ δρᾰχμαί hai drăkhmaí | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς δρᾰχμῆς tês drăkhmês |
τοῖν δρᾰχμαῖν toîn drăkhmaîn |
τῶν δρᾰχμῶν tôn drăkhmôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ δρᾰχμῇ têi drăkhmêi |
τοῖν δρᾰχμαῖν toîn drăkhmaîn |
ταῖς δρᾰχμαῖς taîs drăkhmaîs | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν δρᾰχμήν tḕn drăkhmḗn |
τὼ δρᾰχμᾱ́ tṑ drăkhmā́ |
τᾱ̀ς δρᾰχμᾱ́ς tā̀s drăkhmā́s | ||||||||||
| Vocative | δρᾰχμή drăkhmḗ |
δρᾰχμᾱ́ drăkhmā́ |
δρᾰχμαί drăkhmaí | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ᾱ̔ δραχμᾱ́ hā drakhmā́ |
τὼ δραχμᾱ́ tṑ drakhmā́ |
ταὶ δραχμαί taì drakhmaí | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τᾶς δραχμᾶς tâs drakhmâs |
τοῖν δραχμαῖν toîn drakhmaîn |
τᾶν δραχμᾶν tân drakhmân | ||||||||||
| Dative | τᾷ δραχμᾷ tâi drakhmâi |
τοῖν δραχμαῖν toîn drakhmaîn |
ταῖς δραχμαῖς taîs drakhmaîs | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τᾱ̀ν δραχμᾱ́ν tā̀n drakhmā́n |
τὼ δραχμᾱ́ tṑ drakhmā́ |
τᾱ̀ς δραχμᾱ́ς tā̀s drakhmā́s | ||||||||||
| Vocative | δραχμᾱ́ drakhmā́ |
δραχμᾱ́ drakhmā́ |
δραχμαί drakhmaí | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Descendants
- Greek: δραχμή (drachmí)
- → Turkish: drahmi
- → Bactrian: δραχμο (drakhmo), δδραχμο (ddrakhmo)
- → Khotanese: (draṃmaa-)
- → Latin: drachma (see there for further descendants)
- → Middle Persian: 𐭦𐭥𐭦𐭭 (ZWZN /drahm/), 𐫅𐫡𐫍𐫖 (drhm /drahm/) (see there for further descendants)
- → Old Armenian: դրաքմայ (drakʻmay), դրաքմէ (drakʻmē), դրագմէ (dragmē)
- → Sanskrit: द्रम्म (drámma) (see there for further descendants)
- → Sogdian: (δrγmh /δraxm(a)/)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δραχμή”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 352
Further reading
- “δραχμή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “δραχμή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- δραχμή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- δραχμή in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- G1406 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ).
Noun
δραχμή • (drachmí) f (plural δραχμές)
- (historical) drachma (former Greek currency 1833-2002)
- (obsolete or historical) drachma (an ancient unit of weight)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | δραχμή (drachmí) | δραχμές (drachmés) |
| genitive | δραχμής (drachmís) | δραχμών (drachmón) |
| accusative | δραχμή (drachmí) | δραχμές (drachmés) |
| vocative | δραχμή (drachmí) | δραχμές (drachmés) |
Coordinate terms
- λεπτό m (leptó, “cent”)
Descendants
- → Turkish: drahmi
Further reading
δραχμή on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el
