φυσιογνωμία

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Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

φυσιογνωμίη (phusiognōmíē) — Ionic

Etymology

From φύσις (phúsis) +‎ γνώμη (gnṓmē) +‎ -ίᾱ (-íā).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰy.si.o.ɡnɔː.mí.aː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰy.si.o.ɡnoˈmi.a/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸy.si.o.ɣnoˈmi.a/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /fy.si.o.ɣnoˈmi.a/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /fi.si.o.ɣnoˈmi.a/

Noun

φῠσῐογνωμίᾱ • (phŭsĭognōmíā) f (genitive φῠσῐογνωμίᾱς); first declension

(rare) Synonym of φυσιολογίᾱ (phusiologíā)

Declension

First declension of ἡ φῠσῐογνωμῐ́ᾱ; τῆς φῠσῐογνωμῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ φῠσῐογνωμῐ́ᾱ hē phŭsĭognōmĭ́ā
Genitive	τῆς φῠσῐογνωμῐ́ᾱς tês phŭsĭognōmĭ́ās
Dative	τῇ φῠσῐογνωμῐ́ᾳ têi phŭsĭognōmĭ́āi
Accusative	τὴν φῠσῐογνωμῐ́ᾱν tḕn phŭsĭognōmĭ́ān
Vocative	φῠσῐογνωμῐ́ᾱ phŭsĭognōmĭ́ā
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

→ Latin: physiognōmia, physonōmia
- Catalan: fisonomia
- → Dutch: fysiognomie
- Old French: fisonomie, phisonomie
  - → Middle English: phisonomie, phisonomy, phisinomie, fisenamie, fisenamy, phisnomie, phisnomy, fisnomie, fisnomy, fisnamie, fisnamy, vesnamy
    - English: physiognomy, physiognomonics, physiognomist, physiognomize
  - French: physionomie
    - → Polish: fizjonomia, fizjognomia
      - → Yiddish: פֿיזיאָנאָמיע (fizyonomye)
    - → Romanian: fizionomie
    - → Turkish: fizyonomi
- Italian: fisionomia
- Portuguese: fisionomia
- Spanish: fisonomía
- → Swedish: fysionomi

Further reading

“φυσιογνωμία”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
“φυσιογνωμία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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