генерал
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Belarusian
Alternative forms
- anarał, hanarał, ганара́л (hanarál) — obsolete
- генэра́л (hjenerál) — Taraškievica orthography
- hienerał — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)
Etymology
Compare Polish generał, Russian генера́л (generál) and Ukrainian генера́л (henerál).
Pronunciation
Noun
генера́л • (hjenjerál) m pers (genitive генера́ла, nominative plural генера́лы, genitive plural генера́лаў)
- (military) general (holder of a senior military title, originally designating the commander of an army)
- 1859, Vintsent Dunin-Martsinkyevich, “Tałkawáńnia Bylicy piérszaj ”, in Pan Tadeusz, Wilno: Drukarnia A. Syrkina, page 108:
- Dambróuśki anaráł pólśki, wiélmi atwáżny i razúmny czaławiék.
- Dąbrowski is a Polish general, very courageous and smart person.
- 1940 [1826], James Fenimore Cooper, translated by an anonymous translator, Апошні з магікан, Менск: ДВБ, translation of The Last of the Mohicans, page 13:
- Хутка французы выстраіліся, рыхтуючыся сустрэць генерала, і калі Манкальм аглядаў рады свайго войска, праменні яркага сонца блішчэлі на зброі яго салдат.
- Xutka francuzy vystrailisja, ryxtujučysja sustrecʹ hjenjerala, i kali Mankalʹm ahljadaŭ rady svajhó vójska, pramjenni jarkaha sónca bliščeli na zbrói jahó saldat.
- (literally, “After a short while, the French lined up to prepare for receiving their general, and when Montcalm was inspecting the ranks of his army, the rays of a brilliant sun were sparkling on the weapons of his soldiers.”)
Declension
Declension of генера́л (pr hard masc-form accent-a)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | генера́л hjenjerál |
генера́лы hjenjerály |
| genitive | генера́ла hjenjerála |
генера́лаў hjenjerálaŭ |
| dative | генера́лу hjenjerálu |
генера́лам hjenjerálam |
| accusative | генера́ла hjenjerála |
генера́лаў hjenjerálaŭ |
| instrumental | генера́лам hjenjerálam |
генера́ламі hjenjerálami |
| locative | генера́ле hjenjerálje |
генера́лах hjenjerálax |
| count form | — | генера́лы1 hjenjerály1 |
1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
References
- Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1989), “енералъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы (in Belarusian), numbers 9 (дорогоценный – жеребей), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, →ISBN, page 207
- “генерал”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
- “генерал” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
Bulgarian
Etymology
Borrowed from German General, from Latin generālis.
Pronunciation
Noun
генера́л • (generál) m
Declension
Declension of генера́л
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | генера́л generál |
генера́ли generáli |
| definite (subject form) |
генера́лът generálǎt |
генера́лите generálite |
| definite (object form) |
генера́ла generála | |
| vocative form | генера́ле generále |
генера́ли generáli |
References
- “генерал”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “генерал”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Anagrams
Kazakh
| Alternative scripts | |
|---|---|
| Arabic | گەنەرال |
| Cyrillic | генерал |
| Latin | general |
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian генера́л (generál), from German General, from Latin generālis.
Pronunciation
Noun
генерал • (general)
Declension
declension of генерал
| singular (жекеше) | plural (көпше) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (атау септік) | генерал (general) | генералдар (generaldar) |
| genitive (ілік септік) | генералдың (generaldyñ) | генералдардың (generaldardyñ) |
| dative (барыс септік) | генералға (generalğa) | генералдарға (generaldarğa) |
| accusative (табыс септік) | генералды (generaldy) | генералдарды (generaldardy) |
| locative (жатыс септік) | генералда (generalda) | генералдарда (generaldarda) |
| ablative (шығыс септік) | генералдан (generaldan) | генералдардан (generaldardan) |
| instrumental (көмектес септік) | генералмен (generalmen) | генералдармен (generaldarmen) |
Macedonian
Etymology
Borrowed from German General, from Latin generālis.
Pronunciation
Noun
генера́л • (generál) m (plural генера́ли)
Declension
Declension of генерал
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | генерал | генерали |
| definite unspecified | генералот | генералите |
| definite proximal | генералов | генераливе |
| definite distal | генералон | генералине |
| vocative | генерале | генерали |
| count form | — | генерала |
References
- “генерал” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − drmj.eu
Russian
Alternative forms
- генера́лъ (generál) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
генера́л • (generál) m anim or m inan (genitive генера́ла, nominative plural генера́лы, genitive plural генера́лов)
- (military) general
- Генера́л а́рмии ― Generál ármii ― General of the Army
- 1869, Салтыков-Щедрин, Повесть о том, как один мужик двух генералов прокормил; English translation from How a Muzhik Fed Two Officials, New York: Modern Library, 1925:
- — Кто бы мог думать, ваше превосходительство, что человеческая пища, в первоначальном виде, летает, плавает и на деревьях растёт? — сказал один генерал.
— Да, — отвечал другой генерал, — признаться, и я до сих пор думал, что булки в том самом виде родятся, как их утром к кофею подают!- — Kto by mog dumatʹ, vaše prevosxoditelʹstvo, što čelovečeskaja pišča, v pervonačalʹnom vide, letajet, plavajet i na derevʹjax rastjót? — skazal odin general.
— Da, — otvečal drugoj general, — priznatʹsja, i ja do six por dumal, što bulki v tom samom vide rodjatsja, kak ix utrom k kofeju podajut! - "The human pabulum in its original form flies, swims and grows on trees. Who would have thought it your Excellency?" said the one Official.
"To be sure," rejoined the other Official. "I, too, must admit that I had imagined that our breakfast rolls came into the world just as they appear on the table."
- — Kto by mog dumatʹ, vaše prevosxoditelʹstvo, što čelovečeskaja pišča, v pervonačalʹnom vide, letajet, plavajet i na derevʹjax rastjót? — skazal odin general.
- (pathology, colloquial) syphilis
- (colloquial) syphilitic person
Declension
Declension of генера́л (bian masc-form hard-stem accent-a)
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | генера́л generál |
генера́лы generály | |
| genitive | генера́ла generála |
генера́лов generálov | |
| dative | генера́лу generálu |
генера́лам generálam | |
| accusative | animate | генера́ла generála |
генера́лов generálov |
| inanimate | генера́л generál |
генера́лы generály | |
| instrumental | генера́лом generálom |
генера́лами generálami | |
| prepositional | генера́ле generále |
генера́лах generálax | |
Descendants
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Borrowed from German General, from Latin generālis.
Pronunciation
Noun
генѐра̄л m (Latin spelling genèrāl)
Declension
Declension of генерал
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | генѐра̄л | генерали |
| genitive | генера́ла | генерала |
| dative | генералу | генералима |
| accusative | генерала | генерале |
| vocative | генерале | генерали |
| locative | генералу | генералима |
| instrumental | генералом | генералима |
Ukrainian
Alternative forms
- ген. (hen.) (abbreviation)
Etymology
Inherited from Old Ruthenian генера́лъ (henerál). Borrowed from German General, from French général, from Latin generālis.
Pronunciation
Noun
генера́л • (henerál) m pers (genitive генера́ла, nominative plural генера́ли, genitive plural генера́лів)
Declension
Declension of генера́л (pers hard masc-form accent-a)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | генера́л henerál |
генера́ли henerály |
| genitive | генера́ла henerála |
генера́лів heneráliv |
| dative | генера́лові, генера́лу henerálovi, henerálu |
генера́лам henerálam |
| accusative | генера́ла henerála |
генера́лів heneráliv |
| instrumental | генера́лом henerálom |
генера́лами henerálamy |
| locative | генера́лові, генера́лі henerálovi, heneráli |
генера́лах henerálax |
| vocative | генера́ле henerále |
генера́ли henerály |
Derived terms
- генера́л-полко́вник m (henerál-polkóvnyk)
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “генерал”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “генерал”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. (in Ukrainian), volumes 3 (відстава́ння – ґура́льня), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “генерал”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “генерал”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- “генерал”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)
- “генерал”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “генерал”, in Словник.ua (in Ukrainian)