крюк
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крюк
See also: крук
Russian
Etymology
According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to twist, bend, turn”), see also Old Saxon kerian, Old Norse keyra (“to whip”), also Ancient Greek γέρδιος (gérdios, “weaver”).[1]
According to Vasmer, the word is borrowed from Old Norse krókr, itself probably from the same Indo-European root.
Pronunciation
Noun
крюк • (krjuk) m inan (genitive крюка́, nominative plural крюки́ or крю́чья, genitive plural крюко́в or крю́чьев, diminutive крючо́к)
Declension
Declension of крюк (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-b/d irreg)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | крю́к krjúk |
крюки́, крю́чья△ krjukí, krjúčʹja△ |
| genitive | крюка́ krjuká |
крюко́в, крю́чьев△ krjukóv, krjúčʹjev△ |
| dative | крюку́ krjukú |
крюка́м, крю́чьям△ krjukám, krjúčʹjam△ |
| accusative | крю́к krjúk |
крюки́, крю́чья△ krjukí, krjúčʹja△ |
| instrumental | крюко́м krjukóm |
крюка́ми, крю́чьями△ krjukámi, krjúčʹjami△ |
| prepositional | крюке́ krjuké |
крюка́х, крю́чьях△ krjukáx, krjúčʹjax△ |
| locative | крюку́ krjukú |
△ Irregular.
Derived terms
- крю́чить impf (krjúčitʹ)
- скрю́чить pf (skrjúčitʹ), скрю́чивать impf (skrjúčivatʹ)
- скрю́ченный (skrjúčennyj), скрю́чась (skrjúčasʹ), скрю́чившись (skrjúčivšisʹ)
- крючо́к m (krjučók)
- крючкотво́рец m anim (krjučkotvórec)
- крючкотво́рство n (krjučkotvórstvo)
References
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “392-93”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 392-93
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “крюк”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “крюк”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 448
- Shansky, N. M., editor (1982), “крюк”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, number 8 (К), Moscow: Moscow University Press, page 423
Ukrainian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Ruthenian крюкъ, крукъ (krjuk, kruk), from Old Norse krókr, from Proto-Germanic *krōkaz.
Noun
крюк • (krjuk) m inan (genitive крюка́, nominative plural крюки́, genitive plural крюкі́в, relational adjective крю́ковий, diminutive крючо́к)
- hook
- Synonym: гак (hak)
- pike pole, gaff, boathook
- Synonym: баго́р (bahór)
- fishhook, fishing hook
- (colloquial, dated) pettifogger, nitpicker
- Synonym: лицемі́р (lycemír)
- (historical) kryuk (a symbol used in Znamenny Chant)
Declension
Declension of крюк (inan velar masc-form accent-b)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Proto-Slavic *krukъ.
Alternative forms
- (standard) крук m (kruk)
Noun
крюк • (krjuk) m animal (genitive крю́ка, nominative plural крюки́, genitive plural крюкі́в)
Declension
Declension of крюк (animal velar masc-form accent-c)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | крюк krjuk |
крюки́ krjuký |
| genitive | крю́ка krjúka |
крюкі́в krjukív |
| dative | крю́кові, крю́ку krjúkovi, krjúku |
крюка́м krjukám |
| accusative | крю́ка krjúka |
крюки́, крюкі́в krjuký, krjukív |
| instrumental | крю́ком krjúkom |
крюка́ми krjukámy |
| locative | крю́кові, крю́ку krjúkovi, krjúku |
крюка́х krjukáx |
| vocative | крю́че krjúče |
крюки́ krjuký |
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “крюк”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “крюк”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “крюк”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “крюк”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- “крюк”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)
- “крюк”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “крюк”, in Словник.ua (in Ukrainian)