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Russian
пол- ( pol- ) — especially in the nominative case
Etymology Inherited from Old East Slavic полъ ( polŭ ) , from Proto-Slavic *polъ ( “ half ” ) .
Pronunciation
Prefix полу- • (polu- )
( highly productive , takes nouns, produces compound nouns ) semi- , demi- , half- [ 1] полукру́г polukrúg ― semicircle полумра́к polumrák ― twilight, semi-darkness, shade полуо́стров poluóstrov ― peninsula полусо́н polusón ― half-sleep, twilight sleep полупроводни́к poluprovodník ― semiconductor полуавтома́т poluavtomát ― semi-automatic device ( highly productive , takes nouns in genitive case, produces compound nouns ) semi- , demi- , half- paired with пол- form [ 2] полко́мнаты polkómnaty ― half a room полпроце́нта polprocénta ― half a percent полведра́ polvedrá ― half a bucket полчаса́ polčasá ― half an hour, half-hour пол-очка́ pol-očká ― half a point, half-point пол-Москвы́ pol-Moskvý ― half of Moscow полми́ра polmíra ― half the world полбеды́ polbedý ― half the trouble, not that bad полсу́ток polsútok ― half a day по́лдень póldenʹ ― noon, midday по́лночь pólnočʹ ― midnight полу́дня polúdnja ― noon, midday полу́ночи polúnoči ― midnight ( takes adjective, produces compound adjective ) semi- , demi- , half- [ 3] полушерстяно́й polušerstjanój ― half-woollen полулега́льный polulegálʹnyj ― semi-legal полуосвещённый poluosveščónnyj ― half-lit, semi-illuminated полувью́щийся poluvʹjúščijsja ― semi-curly ( productive , takes verbs, produces compound verbs) incompletely [ 4] полузакры́ть poluzakrýtʹ ― to half-close, to semi-enclose полулежа́ть poluležátʹ ― to lie reclined, to lie with the upper body raised полуоде́ть poluodétʹ ― to half-dress, to half-clothe полусиде́ть polusidétʹ ― to sit reclined, to lie with the upper body raised полуистле́ть poluistlétʹ ― to half-rot, to semi-rot полускры́ть poluskrýtʹ ― to half-hide, to half-conceal полусгиба́ться polusgibátʹsja ― to be half-bent, to half-bend (passive ) ( takes adverb, produces compound adverb ) incompletely [ 5] полулёжа poluljóža ― in a semi-recumbent position, recumbently полуси́дя polusídja ― half-sitting полушутя́ polušutjá ― half-jokingly полутемно́ polutemnó ― half-dark, semi-dark, with insufficient lighting полувсерьёз poluvserʹjóz ― half-seriously полунауга́д polunaugád ― half-guessing, half-at-random
Usage notes When the meaning of "half" is still present in a word with this prefix, this prefix almost always receives secondary stress and the /o/ vowel is almost never reduced.
Derived terms
References
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology Inherited from Proto-Slavic *polъ ( “ half ” ) .
Prefix полу- (Latin spelling polu-
semi- , demi-
Derived terms