بغل

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See also: بعل, نعل, تعل, and تغل

Arabic

Etymology

In view of the Sabaean Old South Arabian 𐩨𐩶𐩡 (bġl), attested once from the 1st century CE, Arabic has more likely borrowed thence and not from Ge'ez በቅል (bäḳl) as formerly claimed, but the Old South Arabian may be an Old Arabic loanword as well, mule breeding only introduced not long before from the North, thus an unknown-origin borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

بَغْل • (baḡl) m (plural بِغَال (biḡāl) or أَبْغَال (ʔabḡāl), feminine بَغْلَة (baḡla))

  1. the offspring of a jack and a mare, a mule
    Coordinate term: نَغْل (naḡl, “hinny”)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 16:8:
      وَخَلَقَ اللَّٰهُ الْخَيْلَ وَالْبِغَالَ وَالْحَمِيرَ لِتَرْكَبُوهَا وَزِينَةً
      wa-ḵalaqa llāhu l-ḵayla wa-l-biḡāla wa-l-ḥamīra li-tarkabū-hā wa-zīnatan
      And God created horses, mules, and asses for you to ride on and as an embellishment.

Declension

Declension of noun بَغْل (baḡl)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بَغْل
baḡl 		الْبَغْل
al-baḡl 		بَغْل
baḡl 		بَغْلَة
baḡla 		الْبَغْلَة
al-baḡla 		بَغْلَة
baḡlat
Nominative بَغْلٌ
baḡlun 		الْبَغْلُ
al-baḡlu 		بَغْلُ
baḡlu 		بَغْلَةٌ
baḡlatun 		الْبَغْلَةُ
al-baḡlatu 		بَغْلَةُ
baḡlatu
Accusative بَغْلًا
baḡlan 		الْبَغْلَ
al-baḡla 		بَغْلَ
baḡla 		بَغْلَةً
baḡlatan 		الْبَغْلَةَ
al-baḡlata 		بَغْلَةَ
baḡlata
Genitive بَغْلٍ
baḡlin 		الْبَغْلِ
al-baḡli 		بَغْلِ
baḡli 		بَغْلَةٍ
baḡlatin 		الْبَغْلَةِ
al-baḡlati 		بَغْلَةِ
baḡlati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بَغْلَيْن
baḡlayn 		الْبَغْلَيْن
al-baḡlayn 		بَغْلَيْ
baḡlay 		بَغْلَتَيْن
baḡlatayn 		الْبَغْلَتَيْن
al-baḡlatayn 		بَغْلَتَيْ
baḡlatay
Nominative بَغْلَانِ
baḡlāni 		الْبَغْلَانِ
al-baḡlāni 		بَغْلَا
baḡlā 		بَغْلَتَانِ
baḡlatāni 		الْبَغْلَتَانِ
al-baḡlatāni 		بَغْلَتَا
baḡlatā
Accusative بَغْلَيْنِ
baḡlayni 		الْبَغْلَيْنِ
al-baḡlayni 		بَغْلَيْ
baḡlay 		بَغْلَتَيْنِ
baḡlatayni 		الْبَغْلَتَيْنِ
al-baḡlatayni 		بَغْلَتَيْ
baḡlatay
Genitive بَغْلَيْنِ
baḡlayni 		الْبَغْلَيْنِ
al-baḡlayni 		بَغْلَيْ
baḡlay 		بَغْلَتَيْنِ
baḡlatayni 		الْبَغْلَتَيْنِ
al-baḡlatayni 		بَغْلَتَيْ
baḡlatay
Plural Masculine Feminine
basic broken plural triptote sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بِغَال‎; أَبْغَال
biḡāl‎; ʔabḡāl 		الْبِغَال‎; الْأَبْغَال
al-biḡāl‎; al-ʔabḡāl 		بِغَال‎; أَبْغَال
biḡāl‎; ʔabḡāl 		بَغَلَات
baḡalāt 		الْبَغَلَات
al-baḡalāt 		بَغَلَات
baḡalāt
Nominative بِغَالٌ‎; أَبْغَالٌ
biḡālun‎; ʔabḡālun 		الْبِغَالُ‎; الْأَبْغَالُ
al-biḡālu‎; al-ʔabḡālu 		بِغَالُ‎; أَبْغَالُ
biḡālu‎; ʔabḡālu 		بَغَلَاتٌ
baḡalātun 		الْبَغَلَاتُ
al-baḡalātu 		بَغَلَاتُ
baḡalātu
Accusative بِغَالًا‎; أَبْغَالًا
biḡālan‎; ʔabḡālan 		الْبِغَالَ‎; الْأَبْغَالَ
al-biḡāla‎; al-ʔabḡāla 		بِغَالَ‎; أَبْغَالَ
biḡāla‎; ʔabḡāla 		بَغَلَاتٍ
baḡalātin 		الْبَغَلَاتِ
al-baḡalāti 		بَغَلَاتِ
baḡalāti
Genitive بِغَالٍ‎; أَبْغَالٍ
biḡālin‎; ʔabḡālin 		الْبِغَالِ‎; الْأَبْغَالِ
al-biḡāli‎; al-ʔabḡāli 		بِغَالِ‎; أَبْغَالِ
biḡāli‎; ʔabḡāli 		بَغَلَاتٍ
baḡalātin 		الْبَغَلَاتِ
al-baḡalāti 		بَغَلَاتِ
baḡalāti

Descendants

References

  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 82
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 110
  • Hommel, Fritz (1879) Die Namen der Säugethiere bei den südsemitischen Völkern als Beiträge zur arabischen und äthiopischen Lexicographie, zur semitischen Kulturforschung und Sprachvergleichung und zur Geschichte der Mittelmeerfauna. Mit steter Berücksichtigung auch der assyrischen und hebräischen Thiernamen und geographischen und literaturgeschichtlichen Excursen‎ (in German), Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung, pages 112–117
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “بغل”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 146
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “بغل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 230
  • Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 101
  • Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume II: Animal Names, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 77–78 Nr. 55
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1879) “Die Namen der Säugethiere bei den südsemitischen Völkern als Beiträge zur arabischen und äthiopischen Lexicographie, zur semitischen Kulturforschung und Sprachvergleichung und zur Geschichte der Mittelmeerfauna. Mit steter Berücksichtigung auch der assyrischen und hebräischen Thiernamen und geographischen und literaturgeschichtlichen Excursen von Fritz Hommel. Leipzig 1879, J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung XX und 471 S. in Octav”, in Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen‎ (in German), page 1258
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 58
  • Sima, Alexander (2000) Tiere, Pflanzen, Steine und Metalle in den altsüdarabischen Inschriften (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 40–42

Persian

Etymology

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Looks like a possible derivative of Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”) or *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, allot”). Is there any literature that discusses this word?”

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? bağal
Dari reading? bağal
Iranian reading? bağal
Tajik reading? baġal

Noun

Dari بغل
Iranian Persian
Tajik бағал

بغل • (bağal)

  1. (Iran, Dari and Tajik) hug
  2. (Classical Persian, Tajik or obsolete) armpit
  3. (Tajik) lap

Derived terms

Descendants

Urdu

a woman's بغل (bağal, "armpit, oxter")

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بغل (bağal).

Pronunciation

Noun

بَغَل • (baġal) f (Hindi spelling बग़ल)

  1. armpit, oxter, axilla
  2. underarm
  3. the bosom (in relation to something which is held or guarded close to it)
  4. (figurative) on one side, aside, close by
  5. flank, margin
  6. (figurative) in between, within
  7. gusset of a garment's underarm

Declension

    Declension of بغل
singular plural
direct بَغَل (baġal) بَغَلیں (baġalẽ)
oblique بَغَل (baġal) بَغَلوں (baġalõ)
vocative بَغَل (baġal) بَغَلو (baġalo)

Derived terms

References

  • “بغل”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
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