عدو

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Arabic

Root
ع د و (ʕ-d-w)

Pronunciation

Noun

عَدُوّ • (ʕaduww) m (plural أَعْدَاء (ʔaʕdāʔ) or عِدًى (ʕidan) or عُدًى (ʕudan) or أَعَادٍ (ʔaʕādin), feminine عَدُوّ (ʕaduww) or عَدُوَّة (ʕaduwwa))

  1. enemy; foe
    Antonyms: صَدِيق (ṣadīq), حَلِيف (ḥalīf), خَلِيل (ḵalīl), نَصِير (naṣīr)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 43:67:
      الْأَخِلَّاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ إِلَّا الْمُتَّقِينَ
      al-ʔaḵillāʔu yawmaʔiḏin baʕḍuhum li-baʕḍin ʕaduwwun ʔillā l-muttaqīna
      Close friends, that Day, will be enemies to each other, except for the righteous.
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 63:4:
      هُمُ ٱلْعَدُوُّ فَٱحْذَرْهُمْ
      humu l-ʕaduwwu faḥḏarhum
      They are the enemy, so beware of them.

Declension

Declension of noun عَدُوّ (ʕaduww)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عَدُوّ
ʕaduww 		الْعَدُوّ
al-ʕaduww 		عَدُوّ
ʕaduww
Nominative عَدُوٌّ
ʕaduwwun 		الْعَدُوُّ
al-ʕaduwwu 		عَدُوُّ
ʕaduwwu
Accusative عَدُوًّا
ʕaduwwan 		الْعَدُوَّ
al-ʕaduwwa 		عَدُوَّ
ʕaduwwa
Genitive عَدُوٍّ
ʕaduwwin 		الْعَدُوِّ
al-ʕaduwwi 		عَدُوِّ
ʕaduwwi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عَدُوَّيْن
ʕaduwwayn 		الْعَدُوَّيْن
al-ʕaduwwayn 		عَدُوَّيْ
ʕaduwway
Nominative عَدُوَّانِ
ʕaduwwāni 		الْعَدُوَّانِ
al-ʕaduwwāni 		عَدُوَّا
ʕaduwwā
Accusative عَدُوَّيْنِ
ʕaduwwayni 		الْعَدُوَّيْنِ
al-ʕaduwwayni 		عَدُوَّيْ
ʕaduwway
Genitive عَدُوَّيْنِ
ʕaduwwayni 		الْعَدُوَّيْنِ
al-ʕaduwwayni 		عَدُوَّيْ
ʕaduwway
Plural basic broken plural triptote‎; broken plural in ـًى (-an)‎; broken plural diptote in ـٍ (-in)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَعْدَاء‎; عِدَى‎; عُدَى‎; أَعَادِي
ʔaʕdāʔ‎; ʕidā‎; ʕudā‎; ʔaʕādī 		الْأَعْدَاء‎; الْعِدَى‎; الْعُدَى‎; الْأَعَادِي
al-ʔaʕdāʔ‎; al-ʕidā‎; al-ʕudā‎; al-ʔaʕādī 		أَعْدَاء‎; عِدَى‎; عُدَى‎; أَعَادِي
ʔaʕdāʔ‎; ʕidā‎; ʕudā‎; ʔaʕādī
Nominative أَعْدَاءٌ‎; عِدًى‎; عُدًى‎; أَعَادٍ
ʔaʕdāʔun‎; ʕidan‎; ʕudan‎; ʔaʕādin 		الْأَعْدَاءُ‎; الْعِدَى‎; الْعُدَى‎; الْأَعَادِي
al-ʔaʕdāʔu‎; al-ʕidā‎; al-ʕudā‎; al-ʔaʕādī 		أَعْدَاءُ‎; عِدَى‎; عُدَى‎; أَعَادِي
ʔaʕdāʔu‎; ʕidā‎; ʕudā‎; ʔaʕādī
Accusative أَعْدَاءً‎; عِدًى‎; عُدًى‎; أَعَادِيَ
ʔaʕdāʔan‎; ʕidan‎; ʕudan‎; ʔaʕādiya 		الْأَعْدَاءَ‎; الْعِدَى‎; الْعُدَى‎; الْأَعَادِيَ
al-ʔaʕdāʔa‎; al-ʕidā‎; al-ʕudā‎; al-ʔaʕādiya 		أَعْدَاءَ‎; عِدَى‎; عُدَى‎; أَعَادِيَ
ʔaʕdāʔa‎; ʕidā‎; ʕudā‎; ʔaʕādiya
Genitive أَعْدَاءٍ‎; عِدًى‎; عُدًى‎; أَعَادٍ
ʔaʕdāʔin‎; ʕidan‎; ʕudan‎; ʔaʕādin 		الْأَعْدَاءِ‎; الْعِدَى‎; الْعُدَى‎; الْأَعَادِي
al-ʔaʕdāʔi‎; al-ʕidā‎; al-ʕudā‎; al-ʔaʕādī 		أَعْدَاءِ‎; عِدَى‎; عُدَى‎; أَعَادِي
ʔaʕdāʔi‎; ʕidā‎; ʕudā‎; ʔaʕādī

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Maltese: għadu
  • → Northern Kurdish: edû
  • → Persian: عَدو ('adu)
  • → Swahili: adui
  • → Somali: cadow
  • → Tajik: аду (adu)

References

  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “عدو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ع د و
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic عَدُوّ (ʕaduww).

Pronunciation

Noun

عدو • (ʕduww, ʕdū) m (plural عديان (ʕadyān), feminine عدوة (ʕduwwa))

  1. enemy, foe
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