پرداختن

Inherited from Middle Persian (pldʾhtn' /⁠pardāxtan⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *pari- (“peri-, around”) + *tač- (“to flow, run, walk”). The former prefix is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pári, from Proto-Indo-European *péri, while the latter component is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ták-, from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to hurry, rush, walk, flow”).^[1]

The "free" meaning comes from the same root, but with a different prefix (from the same origin), Proto-Iranian *para- (“farther, highest”), from Proto-Indo-European *pér-o- (“distant, beyond”).

پَرداختَن • (pardâxtan) (present stem پَرداز (pardâz))

1. to spend
   1. to spend money; to pay; to reimburse
   2. to spend (time, effort)

      سه سال را به زندگی در عربستان پرداختم.

      se sâl râ be zendegi dar arabestân pardâxtam.

      I spent three years living in Saudi Arabia.

      • c. 1260, Saʿdī, “Ghazal 219”, in دیوان سعدی [The Divān of Saʿdī]‎:

        کسی که روی تو دیده‌ست حال من داند
        که هر که دل به تو پرداخت صبر نتواند

        kasē ki rōy-i tu dīda-st hāl-i man dānad
        ki har ki dil ba tu pardāxt sabr na-tawānad

        The man who has seen your face knows my condition,
        For whoever spends his heart on you cannot be patient.

        (Classical Persian transliteration)

2. (formal, with به) to proceed, to begin, to set oneself (to)

   به آواز خواندن پرداخت. ― be âvâz xândan pardâxt. ― He began to sing.

   • c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Gushtāsp”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎:

     سواران جنگی همی تاختند
     به کالا گرفتن نپرداختند

     sawārān jangē hamē tāxtand
     ba kālā giriftan na-pardāxtand

     The riders were charging for a battle;
     They did not set themselves to taking spoils.

     (Classical Persian romanization)

3. to polish
4. to free

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “پرداختن”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 421
• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “پرداختن”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim