दशति

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

A shift from an older Class 6 verb, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *daśáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *daćáti, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ḱ-é-ti (“to bite”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δάκνω (dáknō, “to bite”).

Pronunciation

Verb

दशति • (dáśati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root दंश्)

  1. to bite

Conjugation

Present: दशति (dáśati), दशते (dáśate)
Active Mediopassive
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Indicative
Third दशति
dáśati 		दशतः
dáśataḥ 		दशन्ति
dáśanti 		दशते
dáśate 		दशेते
dáśete 		दशन्ते
dáśante
Second दशसि
dáśasi 		दशथः
dáśathaḥ 		दशथ
dáśatha 		दशसे
dáśase 		दशेथे
dáśethe 		दशध्वे
dáśadhve
First दशामि
dáśāmi 		दशावः
dáśāvaḥ 		दशामः / दशामसि¹
dáśāmaḥ / dáśāmasi¹ 		दशे
dáśe 		दशावहे
dáśāvahe 		दशामहे
dáśāmahe
Imperative
Third दशतु
dáśatu 		दशताम्
dáśatām 		दशन्तु
dáśantu 		दशताम्
dáśatām 		दशेताम्
dáśetām 		दशन्ताम्
dáśantām
Second दश
dáśa 		दशतम्
dáśatam 		दशत
dáśata 		दशस्व
dáśasva 		दशेथाम्
dáśethām 		दशध्वम्
dáśadhvam
First दशानि
dáśāni 		दशाव
dáśāva 		दशाम
dáśāma 		दशै
dáśai 		दशावहै
dáśāvahai 		दशामहै
dáśāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third दशेत्
dáśet 		दशेताम्
dáśetām 		दशेयुः
dáśeyuḥ 		दशेत
dáśeta 		दशेयाताम्
dáśeyātām 		दशेरन्
dáśeran
Second दशेः
dáśeḥ 		दशेतम्
dáśetam 		दशेत
dáśeta 		दशेथाः
dáśethāḥ 		दशेयाथाम्
dáśeyāthām 		दशेध्वम्
dáśedhvam
First दशेयम्
dáśeyam 		दशेव
dáśeva 		दशेम
dáśema 		दशेय
dáśeya 		दशेवहि
dáśevahi 		दशेमहि
dáśemahi
Subjunctive
Third दशात् / दशाति
dáśāt / dáśāti 		दशातः
dáśātaḥ 		दशान्
dáśān 		दशाते / दशातै
dáśāte / dáśātai 		दशैते
dáśaite 		दशन्त / दशान्तै
dáśanta / dáśāntai
Second दशाः / दशासि
dáśāḥ / dáśāsi 		दशाथः
dáśāthaḥ 		दशाथ
dáśātha 		दशासे / दशासै
dáśāse / dáśāsai 		दशैथे
dáśaithe 		दशाध्वै
dáśādhvai
First दशानि
dáśāni 		दशाव
dáśāva 		दशाम
dáśāma 		दशै
dáśai 		दशावहै
dáśāvahai 		दशामहै
dáśāmahai
Participles
दशत्
dáśat 		दशमान
dáśamāna
Notes
  • The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.
  • ¹Vedic
Imperfect: अदशत् (ádaśat), अदशत (ádaśata)
Active Mediopassive
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Indicative
Third अदशत्
ádaśat 		अदशताम्
ádaśatām 		अदशन्
ádaśan 		अदशत
ádaśata 		अदशेताम्
ádaśetām 		अदशन्त
ádaśanta
Second अदशः
ádaśaḥ 		अदशतम्
ádaśatam 		अदशत
ádaśata 		अदशथाः
ádaśathāḥ 		अदशेथाम्
ádaśethām 		अदशध्वम्
ádaśadhvam
First अदशम्
ádaśam 		अदशाव
ádaśāva 		अदशाम
ádaśāma 		अदशे
ádaśe 		अदशावहि
ádaśāvahi 		अदशामहि
ádaśāmahi

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

  • Monier Williams (1899) “दंश्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 464, column 3.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dáśati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 356
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 630
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