From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrudʰrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrudʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰrós (“red”), from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬙𐬀- (raoiδita-), Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós) Latin ruber, Tocharian A rtär, Tocharian B ratre, Old Church Slavonic рудъ (rudŭ), Lithuanian raúdas, Old English rēad (whence English red).
The epenthesis of -i- from expected *rudhrá is due to influence by रुधिक्रा (rudhikrā́).
रुधिर • (rudhirá)
| Masculine a-stem declension of रुधिर (rudhirá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | रुधिरः rudhiráḥ |
रुधिरौ / रुधिरा¹ rudhiraú / rudhirā́¹ |
रुधिराः / रुधिरासः¹ rudhirā́ḥ / rudhirā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | रुधिर rúdhira |
रुधिरौ / रुधिरा¹ rúdhirau / rúdhirā¹ |
रुधिराः / रुधिरासः¹ rúdhirāḥ / rúdhirāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | रुधिरम् rudhirám |
रुधिरौ / रुधिरा¹ rudhiraú / rudhirā́¹ |
रुधिरान् rudhirā́n |
| Instrumental | रुधिरेण rudhiréṇa |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरैः / रुधिरेभिः¹ rudhiraíḥ / rudhirébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | रुधिराय rudhirā́ya |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरेभ्यः rudhirébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | रुधिरात् rudhirā́t |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरेभ्यः rudhirébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | रुधिरस्य rudhirásya |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिराणाम् rudhirā́ṇām |
| Locative | रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिरेषु rudhiréṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Feminine ā-stem declension of रुधिरा (rudhirā́) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | रुधिरा rudhirā́ |
रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिराः rudhirā́ḥ |
| Vocative | रुधिरे rúdhire |
रुधिरे rúdhire |
रुधिराः rúdhirāḥ |
| Accusative | रुधिराम् rudhirā́m |
रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिराः rudhirā́ḥ |
| Instrumental | रुधिरया / रुधिरा¹ rudhiráyā / rudhirā́¹ |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिराभिः rudhirā́bhiḥ |
| Dative | रुधिरायै rudhirā́yai |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिराभ्यः rudhirā́bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | रुधिरायाः / रुधिरायै² rudhirā́yāḥ / rudhirā́yai² |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिराभ्यः rudhirā́bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | रुधिरायाः / रुधिरायै² rudhirā́yāḥ / rudhirā́yai² |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिराणाम् rudhirā́ṇām |
| Locative | रुधिरायाम् rudhirā́yām |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिरासु rudhirā́su |
| Notes |
| ||
| Neuter a-stem declension of रुधिर (rudhirá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | रुधिरम् rudhirám |
रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिराणि / रुधिरा¹ rudhirā́ṇi / rudhirā́¹ |
| Vocative | रुधिर rúdhira |
रुधिरे rúdhire |
रुधिराणि / रुधिरा¹ rúdhirāṇi / rúdhirā¹ |
| Accusative | रुधिरम् rudhirám |
रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिराणि / रुधिरा¹ rudhirā́ṇi / rudhirā́¹ |
| Instrumental | रुधिरेण rudhiréṇa |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरैः / रुधिरेभिः¹ rudhiraíḥ / rudhirébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | रुधिराय rudhirā́ya |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरेभ्यः rudhirébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | रुधिरात् rudhirā́t |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरेभ्यः rudhirébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | रुधिरस्य rudhirásya |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिराणाम् rudhirā́ṇām |
| Locative | रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिरेषु rudhiréṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
रुधिर • (rudhirá) stem, m
| Masculine a-stem declension of रुधिर (rudhirá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | रुधिरः rudhiráḥ |
रुधिरौ / रुधिरा¹ rudhiraú / rudhirā́¹ |
रुधिराः / रुधिरासः¹ rudhirā́ḥ / rudhirā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | रुधिर rúdhira |
रुधिरौ / रुधिरा¹ rúdhirau / rúdhirā¹ |
रुधिराः / रुधिरासः¹ rúdhirāḥ / rúdhirāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | रुधिरम् rudhirám |
रुधिरौ / रुधिरा¹ rudhiraú / rudhirā́¹ |
रुधिरान् rudhirā́n |
| Instrumental | रुधिरेण rudhiréṇa |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरैः / रुधिरेभिः¹ rudhiraíḥ / rudhirébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | रुधिराय rudhirā́ya |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरेभ्यः rudhirébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | रुधिरात् rudhirā́t |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरेभ्यः rudhirébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | रुधिरस्य rudhirásya |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिराणाम् rudhirā́ṇām |
| Locative | रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिरेषु rudhiréṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
रुधिर • (rudhirá) stem, n
| Neuter a-stem declension of रुधिर (rudhirá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | रुधिरम् rudhirám |
रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिराणि / रुधिरा¹ rudhirā́ṇi / rudhirā́¹ |
| Vocative | रुधिर rúdhira |
रुधिरे rúdhire |
रुधिराणि / रुधिरा¹ rúdhirāṇi / rúdhirā¹ |
| Accusative | रुधिरम् rudhirám |
रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिराणि / रुधिरा¹ rudhirā́ṇi / rudhirā́¹ |
| Instrumental | रुधिरेण rudhiréṇa |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरैः / रुधिरेभिः¹ rudhiraíḥ / rudhirébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | रुधिराय rudhirā́ya |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरेभ्यः rudhirébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | रुधिरात् rudhirā́t |
रुधिराभ्याम् rudhirā́bhyām |
रुधिरेभ्यः rudhirébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | रुधिरस्य rudhirásya |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिराणाम् rudhirā́ṇām |
| Locative | रुधिरे rudhiré |
रुधिरयोः rudhiráyoḥ |
रुधिरेषु rudhiréṣu |
| Notes |
| ||