ἀριθμός

See also: αριθμός

Ancient Greek

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ri-dʰh₁-mó-s, from *h₂rey- (“to count, arrange”). Cognates include Old Irish rím, Old English rīm (English rhyme), and perhaps Latin rītus. Also compare νήριτος (nḗritos, “countless”).^[1]

ᾰ̓ρῐθμός • (arithmós) m (genitive ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῦ); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric, Koine)

number
1. amount, sum
2. term in a series
3. number, account, rank
quantity, amount (of a material, gold, money, time)
numbered or countable item (in a series or list), item; piece (of a wrecked ship); mere entity, cipher (to a person)
taking account or evaluation; regard (for a woman); reckoning (by a person's words)
numbering, counting
arithmetic
(philosophy) abstract number
(grammar) number
numeral
science of numbers, arithmetic, calculation
mathematical unit or aggregate of units, number (as odd or even); (as underlying the organisation of time and space); (as the cause of being and generation);(existing as an ideal entity, opp. as a mathematical object)
(rhetoric) rhythm
numerical sum, number, total number (of persons, animals, things)
(rhetorical) numerical measurement (of the configuration of speech, reference to rhythm)
collection (of individuals forming a group), number, company (of men, envoys, disciples)
military unit (= Latin numerus)
(astrology, usually in the plural) degrees moved traversed in a given time
(medicine) precise condition

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓ρῐθμός ho arithmós	τὼ ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ tṑ arithmṓ	οἱ ᾰ̓ρῐθμοί hoi arithmoí
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῦ toû arithmoû	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖν toîn arithmoîn	τῶν ᾰ̓ρῐθμῶν tôn arithmôn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓ρῐθμῷ tôi arithmôi	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖν toîn arithmoîn	τοῖς ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖς toîs arithmoîs
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓ρῐθμόν tòn arithmón	τὼ ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ tṑ arithmṓ	τοὺς ᾰ̓ρῐθμούς toùs arithmoús
Vocative	ᾰ̓ρῐθμέ arithmé	ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ arithmṓ	ᾰ̓ρῐθμοί arithmoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Ἀρῐθμοί (Arithmoí)
ἀριθμέω (arithméō)
- ἀριθμητικός (arithmētikós)
  - ἀριθμητική (τέχνη) (arithmētikḗ (tékhnē), “(art of) counting”)

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀριθμός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 131

“ἀριθμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἀριθμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἀριθμός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἀριθμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ἀριθμός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἀριθμός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
“ἀριθμός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G706 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- arithmetic idem, page 39.
- assortment idem, page 47.
- batch idem, page 65.
- cipher idem, page 132.
- ciphering idem, page 132.
- computation idem, page 154.
- quantity idem, page 663.
- set idem, page 756.
- size idem, page 780.
- sum idem, page 837.