According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, round”), the same root of οὖλος (oûlos, “wooly, fuzzy”) and εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, wind”). However according to targum exegetes it could be borrowed from Phoenician *𐤉𐤋 (*yūl) from the Proto-Semitic lizard name *waral-. This form and similar meanings can be reconstructed on the basis of the animal name’s Jewish Literary Aramaic measure יָלָא (yālā), alternating with יַלָּא (yallā), since /aː/ regularly comes out /uː/ in Phoenician-Punic (like 𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /rūš/, “head”) from *raʾš- (“head”)). In Jewish Aramaic it also meant a kind of blood-sucking animal, and even closer to the original meaning of a worral would be the Greek senses of certain earth-graving insects. “The first growth of the whiskers and beard” would then be transferred from the image of the undersides of the throats of certain lizards; corn-sheaves afford a similar picture. From any of these meanings the sense of a catkin can be transferred.
ἴουλος • (íoulos) m (genitive ἰούλου); second declension
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
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Nominative | ὁ ἴουλος ho íoulos |
τὼ ἰούλω tṑ ioúlō |
οἱ ἴουλοι hoi íouloi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἰούλου toû ioúlou |
τοῖν ἰούλοιν toîn ioúloin |
τῶν ἰούλων tôn ioúlōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἰούλῳ tôi ioúlōi |
τοῖν ἰούλοιν toîn ioúloin |
τοῖς ἰούλοις toîs ioúlois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ἴουλον tòn íoulon |
τὼ ἰούλω tṑ ioúlō |
τοὺς ἰούλους toùs ioúlous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἴουλε íoule |
ἰούλω ioúlō |
ἴουλοι íouloi | ||||||||||
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