. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
Stroke order
Han character
冬 (Kangxi radical 15, 冫 +3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹水卜 (HEY ), four-corner 27303 , composition ⿱夂 ⺀ (G T J V ) or ⿱夂 冫 (K ) )
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 131 , character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1610
Dae Jaweon: page 294, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 867, character 19
Unihan data for U+51AC
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
疼
*dɯːŋ, *duːŋ
冬
*tuːŋ
苳
*tuːŋ
笗
*tuːŋ
炵
*tʰuːŋ, *duːŋ
佟
*duːŋ
鼕
*duːŋ
鉖
*duːŋ
終
*tjuŋ
螽
*tjuŋ
鼨
*tjuŋ
柊
*tjuŋ
鴤
*tjuŋ
泈
*tjuŋ
蔠
*tjuŋ
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意 ) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *tuːŋ ) : phonetic 夂 ( , “ end ” ) + semantic 日 ( “ day ” ) or 仌 ( “ ice ” ) .
Bronze script and Chu slip script
Composed of the early form of 終 (“end”, as well phonetic), here represented by Shuowen ancient script , + 日 ( “ day ” ) . In bronze script, 日 ( ) was inside . In Chu slip script, 日 ( ) was below ( ).
Seal script, Qin clerical script and after
Composed of (“end”, as well phonetic) + 仌 ( “ ice ” ) .
Etymology 1
Possibly related to 終 (OC *tjuŋ , “to end”) (Wang, 1982 , Sagart, 2023b ). Sagart (ibid.) also proposes cognacy to Chepang त्युङ्हसा ( tyuŋh , “ at end, be weak, exhausted ” ) , द्युमःसा ( dyumʔ , “ at ease after completing work ” ) , द्युम्सा ( dyum , “ terminate, reach end; to be at end ” ) , Jingpho chatum ( “ end, finish ” ) , Limbu ( tum-ma , “ ripe, mature ” ) , Proto-Ao *a-thəm ( “ end, finish ” ) .
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : dōng (dong1 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄉㄨㄥ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : dong1
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : дун (dun, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : dung1
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : uung1
Gan (Wiktionary ) : dung1
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : tûng
(Hailu , HRS ) : dungˋ
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : dung1
Jin (Wiktionary ) : dung1
Northern Min (KCR ) : dóng
Eastern Min (BUC ) : dĕ̤ng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing ): dang1 / dorng1
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : tang / tong
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : dang1 / dong1
Wu (Shanghai , Wugniu ) : 1 ton
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : dong1
Note :
dang1 - vernacular;
dorng1 - literary.
Note :
tang - colloquial;
tong - literary.
Note :
dang1 - colloquial;
dong1 - literary.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
冬
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
dōng
Middle Chinese
‹ towng ›
Old Chinese
/*tˁuŋ/
English
winter
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
冬
Reading #
1/1
No.
2419
Phonetic component
冬
Rime group
終
Rime subdivision
0
Corresponding MC rime
冬
Old Chinese
/*tuːŋ/
Definitions
冬
winter
( Cantonese ) winter solstice
做冬 [Cantonese ] ― zou6 dung1 ― to celebrate the winter solstice with a dinner
冬 大過年/ 冬 大过年 [Cantonese ] ― dung1 daai6 gwo3 nin4 ― the winter solstice is more important than Chinese New Year
( Southern Min ) year
( ~日 ) ( telegraphy ) the second day of a month
Alternative form of 咚 ( dōng , “ bang ; thud ” )
a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
冬天 (“winter”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
冬 , 冬日
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
冬天 , 冬季 , 冬日
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
冬天
Taiwan
冬天
Chengde
冬天
Chifeng
冬天
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
冬天
Heihe
冬天
Qiqihar
冬天
Harbin
冬天
Wuchang (Yingchengzi)
冬天
Jiamusi
冬天
Baicheng
冬天
Changchun
冬天
Tonghua
冬天
Shenyang
冬天
Jinzhou
冬天
Singapore
冬天
Jilu Mandarin
Tianjin
冬天 , 冬底下
Tangshan
冬天
Cangzhou
冬天
Xianxian (Xiaoying)
冬天
Baoding
冬天
Shijiazhuang
冬天
Lijin
冬天
Jinan
冬天
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Dalian
冬天 , 冬季天兒
Dandong
冬天
Yantai
冬天
Yantai (Muping)
冬天 , 冬季天兒
Qingdao
冬天 , 臘月天兒
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
冬天
Lingbao
冬天
Jining
冬天
Daming
冬天
Wanrong
冬間
Linfen
冬天
Shangqiu
冬天
Yuanyang
冬天
Zhengzhou
冬天
Xinyang
冬天
Baihe
冬天 , 九天 , 九裡頭
Xi'an
冬天 , 冬裡
Dingbian
冬天 , 冬裡
Baoji
冬天 , 寒天 , 冬上
Tianshui
冬天
Xining
冬天
Xuzhou
冷天 , 冬天 , 寒裡
Fuyang
冬天
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
冬天
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)
冬天
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
冬天
Yongning (Najiahu)
冬天 , 冷天
Lanzhou
冬天 , 冬月天 , 冷月天
Dunhuang
冬天 , 冬裡
Hami
冬天
Ürümqi
冬天
Ürümqi (Xigou)
冬天
Ürümqi (Changshanzi)
冬天
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
冬天 , 冬天家
Nanchong
冬天 , 寒天
Dazhou
冷天
Hanyuan
冬天 , 冷天
Xichang
冬天 , 寒天
Zigong
冬天 , 冷天 , 冬辰
Chongqing
冬天 , 冷天
Wuhan
冬季 , 冬天 , 冷天 , 冷季
Yichang
冷天
Xiangyang
冬天 , 冷天裡
Tianmen
冬天 , 寒天 , 冷天
Guiyang
冬天 , 冬天家 , 寒天
Zunyi
冬天
Bijie
冷天家
Liping
冬天
Zhaotong
冬天
Dali
冬天
Kunming
冬天
Mengzi
冬天
Guilin
冬天
Pingle
寒天 , 寒冷天 , 冬月天
Liuzhou
冬天 , 冷天
Nanning (Wuming)
冬天 , 冷天 , 北風天
Hechi (Yizhou)
冬天 , 冷天
Luocheng (Dongmen)
冬天 , 冷天
Tianlin (Langping)
冬天
Jishou
冬天 , 冷天
Changde
冬天
Hanzhong
冬天
Mae Salong (Lancang)
冷天
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
冷天 , 冬天
Yangzhou
冷天 , 冬寒天 , 冬天 , 寒裡
Lianyungang
冬天 , 寒天 , 寒裡
Lianshui
冬天 , 寒裡頭
Nantong
寒天
Anqing
冬天 , 冷天
Wuhu
冬天
Hefei
冬天
Hong'an
冬天道 , 冷天道
Cantonese
Guangzhou
冬天 , 冷天
Hong Kong
冬天 , 凍天
Taishan
冷天
Taishan (Guanghai)
冬天
Kaiping (Chikan)
冷天
Dongguan
冬天
Nanning
冷天
Wuzhou
冷天
Yulin
天冷天
Guiping (Jiangkou)
冷天 , 冬天
Guiping (Madong)
冬天 , 北風天
Baise
冷天
Mandalay (Taishan)
冬天
Gan
Nanchang
冬天
Pengze
冬下天
Lichuan
冷天
Pingxiang
冷天 , 冬下裡
Hakka
Meixian
冬天 , 冬下 , 冬下頭 , 寒天 , 冷天
Wuhua (Shuizhai)
冷天
Wuhua (Huacheng)
冷天
Wuhua (Changbu)
冬下晨
Wuhua (Mianyang)
冷天
Liancheng (Peitian)
冬下
Yudu
冬下
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
寒天 , 冷天 , 冬下頭
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
寒天 , 冷天 , 冬下頭
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
寒天 , 冷天 , 冬下頭 , 冬下時
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
寒天 , 冬下頭
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
寒天 , 冬下頭 , 冬下時
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
寒天 , 冬天
Bobai (Shahe)
冬天
Bobai (Longtan)
冬天
Bobai (Lingping)
冷天
Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang)
冬天
Xingye (Gaofeng)
冬下天
Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui)
冬天
Pingle (Tong'an)
冬天
Yangshuo (Jinbao)
冬天 , 冬下
Sabah (Longchuan)
冬天 , 冬季
Pontianak (Meixian)
冷天
Huizhou
Jixi
下冬 , 冬場子 , 冬場下
Shexian
冬天
Jin
Taiyuan
冬天
Yangyuan
冬天 , 冬末寒天
Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)
冬天 , 冬哩
Xinzhou
冬天 , 冬金天 , 冬兒 , 冬景天
Lüliang (Lishi)
冬天
Changzhi
冬天
Linhe
冬天 , 冬天裡
Jining
冬天
Hohhot
冬天
Erenhot
冬天
Pingshan
冬天
Zhangjiakou
冬天
Handan
冬天
Linzhou
冬天
Suide
冬裡
Northern Min
Jian'ou
冬天
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
凊天 , 冬天
Fuzhou (Changle)
凊天
Fuqing
凊天 , 冬天
Yongtai
凊天
Gutian
寒天
Fu'an
寒天
Ningde
寒天
Shouning
寒天
Zhouning
寒天
Fuding
寒天
Matsu
冬天
Southern Min
Xiamen
冬天 , 寒天 , 寒冬 , 寒儂
Quanzhou
冬天 , 寒天 , 寒儂
Yongchun
寒天 , 冬天
Zhangzhou
冬天 , 寒天 , 寒冬
Zhao'an
寒天 , 冬天
Dongshan
寒天 , 冬天
Taipei
冬天 , 寒儂 , 寒天
New Taipei (Sanxia)
冬仔 , 寒天
Kaohsiung
冬天 , 寒儂 , 寒天
Yilan
冬天 , 寒儂 , 寒天
Changhua (Lukang)
冬天 , 寒儂 , 寒天
Taichung
冬天 , 寒天
Tainan
冬天 , 寒儂 , 寒天
Hsinchu
冬天 , 寒天儂
Kinmen
冬天 , 寒天
Penghu (Magong)
冬天 , 寒天
Penang (Hokkien)
冬天
Singapore (Hokkien)
寒天
Manila (Hokkien)
寒儂
Zhangping (Yongfu)
寒天 , 在冬
Guilin (Biyange)
冬天
Pingle (Zhoutang)
寒天 , 冷天 , 冬月天
Shantou
冬天時 , 凝天時
Shantou (Chenghai)
凝天時 , 凊天時 , 凊天
Jieyang
冬天時 , 凝天時 , 寒天時
Haifeng
凝天時 , 凊天時 , 冬天時
Leizhou
冬天
Haikou
冬季
Qionghai
寒天
Puxian Min
Putian
寒天 , 冬天
Central Min
Yong'an
冬天
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
冬季
Northern Pinghua
Guilin (Wutong, Lingui)
冬天 , 冷天
Guilin (Liutang, Lingui)
冬天
Lingchuan (Sanjie)
冷天 , 冬天
Lingchuan (Shuangzhou)
冬天
Waxiang
Guzhang (Gaofeng)
冬天
Wu
Shanghai
冬天 , 冷天 , 冬場裡 , 寒場裡
Shanghai (Chongming)
寒天 , 寒場裡 , 寒裡
Suzhou
冬天 , 冷天 , 寒天
Danyang
冬天 , 冬天頭 , 冬季
Hangzhou
冬天
Ningbo
冬天價 , 冬天
Wenzhou
天色冷 , 十二月
Jinhua
冬天
Jinhua (Tangxi)
冬裡
Xiang
Changsha
冬天 , 冷天
Loudi
冬天
Quanzhou
冬天
Dialectal synonyms of
冬至 (“winter solstice”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
冬至 , 南至
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
冬至
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
冬至
Taiwan
冬至
Chifeng
冬至
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
冬至
Harbin
冬至
Shenyang
冬至
Singapore
冬至
Jilu Mandarin
Tianjin
冬至
Tangshan
冬至
Cangzhou
冬至
Baoding
冬至
Shijiazhuang
冬至
Jinan
冬至
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Yantai (Muping)
冬 , 過冬
Qingdao
冬至 , 過冬
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
冬至
Wanrong
冬至
Zhengzhou
冬至
Xi'an
冬至
Xining
冬至
Xuzhou
冬至 , 長至 dated
Lanyin Mandarin
Yinchuan
冬至
Lanzhou
冬至
Ürümqi
冬至
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
冬至
Chongqing
冬至
Wuhan
冬至
Guiyang
冬至
Kunming
冬至
Guilin
冬至
Liuzhou
冬至
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
冬至
Yangzhou
冬至
Nantong
冬至 , 大冬
Hefei
冬至
Cantonese
Guangzhou
冬至 , 冬節 , 冬
Hong Kong
冬至 , 冬 , 冬節
Dongguan
冬至
Gan
Nanchang
冬至
Lichuan
冬至
Pingxiang
冬至
Hakka
Meixian
冬至
Yudu
冬至
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
冬節 , 冬至
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
冬節 , 冬至
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
冬節
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
冬節 , 冬至
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
冬節
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
冬節
Huizhou
Jixi
冬至
Shexian
冬至
Jin
Taiyuan
冬至 , 過冬
Xinzhou
冬至
Linhe
冬至
Jining
冬至
Hohhot
冬至
Zhangjiakou
冬至
Handan
冬至
Northern Min
Jian'ou
冬節
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
冬至 , 冬節
Fuqing
冬至
Southern Min
Xiamen
冬節
Xiamen (Tong'an)
冬節
Quanzhou
冬節 , 小年兜
Jinjiang
冬節
Zhangzhou
冬節
Zhangzhou (Longhai)
冬節
Zhao'an
冬節
Tainan
冬節
Penang (Hokkien)
冬節
Singapore (Hokkien)
冬節
Manila (Hokkien)
冬節
Chaozhou
冬節
Shantou (Chenghai)
冬節
Jieyang
冬節
Haifeng
冬節
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)
冬節
Haikou
冬至 , 冬節
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
冬至
Wu
Shanghai
冬至
Shanghai (Chongming)
冬至
Suzhou
冬至
Danyang
冬至
Hangzhou
冬至
Ningbo
冬至
Wenzhou
冬節
Jinhua
冬至
Xiang
Changsha
冬至
Loudi
冬至
See also
Compounds
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 冬 – see 鼕 . (This character is the simplified form of 鼕 ).Notes:
References
Japanese
Shinjitai
冬
Kyūjitai [ 1]
冬 冬
or冬 +︀
?
冬󠄀 冬 +󠄀
? (Adobe-Japan1 )
冬󠄃 冬 +󠄃
? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.
Kanji
冬
(Second grade kyōiku kanji , shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 冬 )
Readings
Compounds
Etymology 1
⟨puyu⟩ → /ɸuju/
From Old Japanese , from Proto-Japonic *puyu .
Pronunciation
Noun
冬( ふゆ ) • (fuyu )
winter ( season )
Synonyms: 冬季 ( tōki ) , 冬期 ( tōki )
冬( ふゆ ) の狂( きょう ) 風( ふう ) Fuyu no KyōfūThe Winds of Winter
Derived terms
Coordinate terms
Seasons in Japanese · 四( し ) 季( き ) ( shiki , “ four seasons ” ) (layout · text ) · category
春( はる ) ( haru , “ spring ” ) 春( しゅん ) 季( き ) ( shunki , “ spring ” ) 春( しゅん ) 期( き ) ( shunki , “ spring period ” )
夏( なつ ) ( natsu , “ summer ” ) 夏( か ) 季( き ) ( kaki , “ summer ” ) 夏( か ) 期( き ) ( kaki , “ summer period ” )
秋( あき ) ( aki , “ fall ; autumn ” ) 秋( しゅう ) 季( き ) ( shūki , “ fall; autumn ” ) 秋( しゅう ) 期( き ) ( shūki , “ fall period ” )
冬( ふゆ ) ( fuyu , “ winter ” ) 冬( とう ) 季( き ) ( tōki , “ winter ” ) 冬( とう ) 期( き ) ( tōki , “ winter period ” )
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 冬 (MC towng ).
Affix
冬( とう ) • (tō )
winter
Derived terms
See also
References
^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914 ) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō : Kōbunsha, →DOI , page 264 (paper), page 182 (digital)
^ Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 冬 (MC towng ). Recorded as Middle Korean 도ᇰ ( twong ) (Yale : twong ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회 ), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource
冬 (eumhun 겨울 동 ( gyeoul dong ) )
hanja form? of 동 ( “ winter ” )
Compounds
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Okinawan
Kanji
冬
(Second grade kyōiku kanji )
Readings
Etymology
Compare Japanese 冬 ( fuyu , “ winter ” ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
冬( ふゆ ) (fuyu )
winter
References
“ふゆ【冬】 ” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary , 2019.
Vietnamese
Han character
冬 : Hán Nôm readings: đông [ 1]
chữ Hán form of đông ( “ winter ” ) .
Derived terms
References