尊ぶ

Japanese

Kanji in this term
尊
とうと Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
貴ぶ宗ぶ

Etymology

尊 (tōto, tatto, stem of 尊い (tōtoi, tattoi, “noble, exalted, sacred”)) +‎ ぶ (-bu, “to act like”)

The ぶ (-bu) suffix usually conjugated with the upper bigrade pattern (上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō)), and 尊ぶ conjugated this way in Old Japanese. Since the Heian period, 尊ぶ shifted to conjugate using the classical yodan pattern, the precursor to the modern godan conjugation (五段活用 (godan katsuyō)).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) とーとぶ (Nakadaka – )
IPA^(key):

(Tokyo) たっとぶ (Nakadaka – )
IPA^(key):

Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「尊ぶ」

Stem forms
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形)	尊ぶ	とーとぶ
Imperative (命令形)	尊べ	とーとべ
Key constructions
Passive	尊ばれる	とーとばれる
Causative	尊ばせる	とーとばせる
Potential	尊べる	とーとべる
Volitional	尊ぼう	とーとぼー
Negative	尊ばない	とーとばない
Negative perfective	尊ばなかった	とーとばなかった
Formal	尊びます	とーとびます
Perfective	尊んだ	とーとんだ
Conjunctive	尊んで	とーとんで
Hypothetical conditional	尊べば	とーとべば

Verb

尊(とうと)ぶ or 尊(たっと)ぶ • (tōtobu or tattobu) ^{←たふとぶ (tafutobu) or たつとぶ (tatutobu)^?}transitive godan (stem 尊(とうと)び (tōtobi), past 尊(とうと)んだ (tōtonda))

to respect, to value, to look up to

Conjugation

Conjugation of "尊ぶ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	尊ば	とうとば	tōtoba
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	尊び	とうとび	tōtobi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	尊ぶ	とうとぶ	tōtobu
Rentaikei ("attributive")	尊ぶ	とうとぶ	tōtobu
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	尊べ	とうとべ	tōtobe
Meireikei ("imperative")	尊べ	とうとべ	tōtobe
Key constructions
Passive	尊ばれる	とうとばれる	tōtobareru
Causative	尊ばせる尊ばす	とうとばせるとうとばす	tōtobaseru tōtobasu
Potential	尊べる	とうとべる	tōtoberu
Volitional	尊ぼう	とうとぼう	tōtobō
Negative	尊ばない	とうとばない	tōtobanai
Negative continuative	尊ばず	とうとばず	tōtobazu
Formal	尊びます	とうとびます	tōtobimasu
Perfective	尊んだ	とうとんだ	tōtonda
Conjunctive	尊んで	とうとんで	tōtonde
Hypothetical conditional	尊べば	とうとべば	tōtobeba

Synonyms

重(おも)んじる (omonjiru)
見上(みあ)げる (miageru)

Antonyms

卑(いや)しめる (iyashimeru, “to despise”)
蔑(さげす)む (sagesumu, “to despise”)
軽(かろ)んじる (karonjiru, “to despise”)
見下(みくだ)す (mikudasu, “to look down on”)

Related terms

尊(とうと)い (tōtoi), 尊(たっと)い (tattoi)
崇(あが)める (agameru, “to revere”)
敬(うやま)う (uyamau, “to revere”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-2] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[K-3] Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[NHK-4] 4.0 ^4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

尊ぶ