悪い

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
わる
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
惡い (kyūjitai)

From classical わろし (waroshi). Compare まるい (marui) < まろし (maroshi).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of 「悪い
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 悪く るく

Terminal (終止形) 悪い
Attributive (連体形) 悪い
Key constructions
Informal negative 悪くない るくない
くない

Informal past 悪かった るかった
かった

Informal negative past 悪くなかった るくなかった
くなかった

Formal 悪いです いです
Conjunctive 悪くて るくて
くて

Conditional 悪ければ るければ
ければ

Adjective

(わる) (warui-i (adverbial (わる) (waruku))

  1. bad; wicked; evil
    (わる)(ひと)
    warui hito
    bad person
    • 1999 March 1, “ファランクス [Phalanx]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:
      (うえ)にも(した)にも(あたま)がある、()()(わる)ヤツ。(くち)からはレーザーを()く。
      Ue ni mo shita ni mo atama ga aru, kimochiwarui yatsu. Kuchi kara wa rēzā o haku.
      A monstrosity with two heads stacked together horizontally symmetrically. It shoots laser out of its one mouth.
    • 1999 September 23, “ペイルビースト [Pale Beast]”, in Vol.5, Konami:
      (あお)(じろ)(はだ)をした、()()(わる)(しょう)(たい)()(めい)のモンスター。
      Aojiroi hada o shita, kimi no warui shōtai fumei no monsutā.
      A strange, sickly-looking pale-skinned monster.
  2. wrong; to blame
    (わる)かった。
    Warukatta.
    My bad.
  3. inferior
  4. improper; bad
    調(ちょう)()(わる)
    chōshi ga warui
    out of form
  5. harmful; damaging
    心臓(しんぞう)(わる)
    shinzō ni warui
    bad for the heart (a phrase used in response to an astonishment, etc.)
  6. sick; unwell; ill
  7. sorry; apologetic; regretful; "my bad"
    (わる)けど、明日(あした)ね。
    Warui kedo, ashita ne.
    Tomorrow, okay? I'm sorry.
Inflection
Idioms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
にく
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
惡い (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 悪い – see the following entry.
にく
hateful, detestable, abominable
(This term, 悪い, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.