汽車
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汽車 (kisha): a steam train.
See also: 汽车
Chinese
| steam; vapour | vehicle on land; car; machine vehicle on land; car; machine; to shape with a lathe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (汽車) | 汽 | 車 | |
| simp. (汽车) | 汽 | 车 | |
Etymology
Senses 1 and 2 are a phono-semantic matching of German Kutsche.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qi4 ce1
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чичә (čičə, III-I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hei3 ce1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): hei1 cie1
- Gan (Wiktionary): qi3 'ca1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): qi3 ce1
- Northern Min (KCR): ki̿-chiá
- Eastern Min (BUC): ké-chiă
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5chi-tsho1
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qi4 che1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ ㄔㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cìche
- Wade–Giles: chʻi4-chʻê1
- Yale: chì-chē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chihche
- Palladius: цичэ (cičɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ ㄔㄜㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cìcher
- Wade–Giles: chʻi4-chʻê1-ʼrh
- Yale: chì-chēr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chihche'l
- Palladius: цичэр (cičɛr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤɻ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: qi4 ce1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kice
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹³ t͡sʰɛ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чичә (čičə, III-I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴ ʈ͡ʂʰə²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hei3 ce1
- Yale: hei chē
- Cantonese Pinyin: hei3 tse1
- Guangdong Romanization: héi3 cé1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei̯³³ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hei1 cie1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei³³ t͡sʰiɛ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qi3 'ca1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹³⁻¹³ ˈt͡sʰa⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hi-chhâ
- Hakka Romanization System: hi caˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hi4 ca1
- Sinological IPA: /hi⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qi3 ce1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵ t͡sʰɤ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ki̿-chiá
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi³³ t͡sʰia⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ké-chiă
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ (t͡sʰ-)ʒia⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
Noun
汽車
- automobile; motor vehicle; car (Classifier: 輛／辆 m; 臺／台 m; 架 c)
- bus; coach (Classifier: 輛／辆 m; 臺／台 m; 架 c)
- (obsolete) train
- 鐵路之汽車，始極粗惡，繼漸改良。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1905 August 13, 陳天華 (Chen Tianhua), 《紀東京留學生歡迎孫君逸仙事》
- Tiělù zhī qìchē, shǐ jí cū'è, jì jiàn gǎiliáng.
- The steam-powered vehicles on the railway were initially very rough and crude, and were gradually improved over time.
铁路之汽车，始极粗恶，继渐改良。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 汽車，俗稱火車，又稱火輪車。其製以汽機為原動力，曳引客車、貨車行駛於鐵路之上。其裝設汽機之車，謂之機關車，俗稱車頭。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1916, 徐珂 (Xu Ke), 《清稗類鈔》
- Qìchē, súchēng huǒchē, yòuchēng huǒlúnchē. Qí zhì yǐ qìjī wèi yuándònglì, yèyǐn kèchē, huòchē xíngshǐ yú tiělù zhī shàng. Qí zhuāngshè qìjī zhī chē, wèi zhī jīguān chē, súchēng chētóu.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
汽车，俗称火车，又称火轮车。其制以汽机为原动力，曳引客车、货车行驶于铁路之上。其装设汽机之车，谓之机关车，俗称车头。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
- (car):
- (bus):
Dialectal synonyms of 公共汽車 (“(public) bus”)
Derived terms
- 公共汽車 / 公共汽车 (gōnggòng qìchē)
- 出租汽車 / 出租汽车 (chūzū qìchē)
- 大眾汽車 / 大众汽车 (Dàzhòng Qìchē)
- 小汽車 / 小汽车
- 旅宿汽車 / 旅宿汽车 (lǚsù qìchē)
- 汽車保險 / 汽车保险
- 汽車夫 / 汽车夫 (qìchēfū)
- 汽車旅館 / 汽车旅馆 (qìchē lǚguǎn)
- 汽車租賃 / 汽车租赁 (qìchē zūlìn)
- 汽車站 / 汽车站 (qìchēzhàn)
- 汽車美容 / 汽车美容
- 汽車路 / 汽车路
- 汽車電影院 / 汽车电影院
- 汽配 (qìpèi)
- 自動駕駛汽車 / 自动驾驶汽车 (zìdòng jiàshǐ qìchē)
- 運動型多用途汽車 / 运动型多用途汽车 (yùndòngxíng duōyòngtú qìchē)
- 長途汽車 / 长途汽车 (chángtú qìchē)
Descendants
Further reading
- “Entry #50148”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 汽 | 車 |
| き Grade: 2 |
しゃ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
See also
References
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 汽 | 車 |