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in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Translingual
Stroke order
Stroke order (Japan)
The character present in the Kangxi dictionary is 淸 (U+6DF8), which is also the form used in Korea.
Han character
清 (Kangxi radical 85, 水 +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水手一月 (EQMB ), four-corner 35127 , composition ⿰氵 青 (G H T J V ))
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: not present , would follow page 633 , character 37
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17695
Dae Jaweon: page 1038, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1637, character 11
Unihan data for U+6E05
Chinese
Wikipedia has articles on:
清 (Gan) 清 (Southern Min) 清 (Wu) 清 (Cantonese) 清 (Written Standard Chinese? ) 清姓 (Written Standard Chinese? ) Chheng (sèⁿ) (Southern Min)
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
猜
*sʰlɯː
輤
*sʰleːns
綪
*sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩
*sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈
*sʰleːns
蒨
*sʰeːns
篟
*sʰeːns
生
*sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲
*sreŋ
笙
*sreŋ
甥
*sreŋ
鉎
*sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄
*sreŋ
鼪
*sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩
*sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌
*sreŋ
眚
*sreŋʔ
貹
*sreŋs
崝
*zreːŋ
精
*ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁
*ʔsleŋ
鶄
*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻
*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱
*ʔsleŋ
婧
*ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛
*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐
*ʔsleŋ
聙
*ʔsleŋ
旌
*ʔsleŋ
清
*sʰleŋ
圊
*sʰleŋ
請
*sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊
*sʰleŋs
䝼
*zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚
*zleŋs
情
*zleŋ
晴
*zleŋ
夝
*zleŋ
靜
*zleŋʔ
靖
*zleŋʔ
睲
*seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺
*seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性
*sleŋs
姓
*sleŋs
靗
*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖
*ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青
*sʰleːŋ
靘
*sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅
*sʰleːŋs
胜
*sleːŋ
曐
*sleːŋ
星
*sleːŋ
鮏
*sleːŋ
腥
*seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹
*seːŋ
醒
*seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂
*seːŋ
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *sʰleŋ ) : semantic 氵 ( “ water ” ) + phonetic 青 ( OC *sʰleːŋ) .
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(t)s(j)aŋ ( “ clear; pure; clean ” ) ; cognate with Tibetan གཙང ( gtsang , “ clean; pure ” ) , Mizo thiang ( “ to be clear; to be clean; to be pure ” ) , Southern Qiang ɕó , Drung cang ma ( “ clean ” ) , Burmese စင် ( cang , “ clean, pure ” ) (Schuessler, 2007 ; STEDT).
Within Chinese, cognate with 淨 (OC *zeŋs , “clean”), 醒 (OC *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs , “to wake up; to become sober”), and allofamic with 星 (OC *sleːŋ , “star”), 晴 (OC *zleŋ , “(of weather) clear; fine”); possibly also related to 靜 (OC *zleŋʔ , “quiet”) (Schuessler, 2007 ).
Perhaps an areal word; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *caŋ ( “ to glitter ” ) (Schuessler, 2007 ).
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : qīng (qing1 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄑㄧㄥ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : qin1
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : чин (čin, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : cing1
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : ten1
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : chhîn / chhiâng
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : qin1 / qiang1
Northern Min (KCR ) : chéng
Eastern Min (BUC ) : cĭng / chĭng / chiăng
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : chheng / chhiⁿ / chhuiⁿ / chheⁿ / chhiaⁿ
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : cêng1
Wu (Shanghai , Wugniu ) : 1 chin
Note :
chĭng - literary;
chiăng - vernacular (used in placenames, e.g. 福清 );
cĭng - thin, dilute.
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , General Taiwanese )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Taipei , Kaohsiung , Tainan , Hsinchu , Sanxia , Yilan , Kinmen , Magong )
(Hokkien : Quanzhou , Lukang )
(Hokkien : Zhangzhou )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou )
Note :
chheng - literary;
chhiⁿ/chhuiⁿ/chheⁿ - vernacular (limited, e.g. 清明 );
chhiaⁿ - vernacular (used in placenames, e.g. 福清 ).
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
清
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
qīng
Middle Chinese
‹ tshjeng ›
Old Chinese
/*tsʰeŋ/
English
clear (adj.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
清
Reading #
1/1
No.
11338
Phonetic component
生
Rime group
耕
Rime subdivision
0
Corresponding MC rime
清
Old Chinese
/*sʰleŋ/
Definitions
清
clear ; limpid
clean ; unstained
pure ; unmixed
distinct ; clear ; apparent
fair and honest ; upright
quiet ; still
( phonetics ) unaspirated
to clear (throat, etc.); to clean
to settle ; to sort out
( ~朝 ) the Qing (Ching ) dynasty (Manchu ) (1644-1911)
( dialectal Mandarin , dialectal Cantonese , Gan , Xiang , Eastern Min , of liquids) dilute , thin
a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
稀 (“dilute; thin”)
Variety
Location
Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
稀
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
稀
Taiwan
稀
Jilu Mandarin
Jinan
稀
Central Plains Mandarin
Xi'an
稀
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
清 , 稀
Wuhan
稀 , 清
Jianghuai Mandarin
Yangzhou
稀 , 消
Hefei
稀 , 消
Cantonese
Guangzhou
稀 , 削
Hong Kong
稀 , 削
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)
稀
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)
清
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
鮮
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
稀
Macau
稀
Guangzhou (Panyu)
稀
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
稀
Guangzhou (Conghua)
稀
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
清
Foshan
稀
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
稀
Foshan (Shunde)
稀
Foshan (Sanshui)
稀
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
稀
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
稀
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
稀
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
稀
Zhuhai (Doumen)
稀
Jiangmen (Baisha)
稀
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
稀
Taishan
稀
Kaiping (Chikan)
稀
Enping (Niujiang)
稀
Heshan (Yayao)
稀
Dongguan
清
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
清
Yangjiang
清
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
稀
Gan
Nanchang
清 , 稀
Jianning
清
Taining
清
Hakka
Meixian
鮮
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)
稀
Dongguan (Qingxi)
鮮
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
鮮
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
稀
Changting
鮮
Shanghang
鮮
Longyan (Yongding)
鮮
Wuping
鮮
Liancheng
鮮
Ninghua
鮮
Qingliu
鮮
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
鮮
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
鮮
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
鮮
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
鮮
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
鮮
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
鮮
Hong Kong
鮮
Senai (Huiyang)
鮮
Jin
Taiyuan
稀
Northern Min
Jian'ou
增
Jian'ou (Dikou)
增
Nanping (Xiayang, Yanping)
增
Songxi
增
Zhenghe
增
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)
增
Shunchang (Yangdun)
增
Jianyang
增
Wuyishan
增
Pucheng (Shibei)
增
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
清
Fuzhou (Changle)
清
Lianjiang
清
Fuqing
漖 , 清
Pingtan
稀
Yongtai
清
Minqing
清
Gutian
淺
Pingnan
淺
Luoyuan
淺
Fu'an
清
Ningde
清 , 淺 , 稀
Xiapu
稀
Zherong
清
Shouning
清
Zhouning
淺 , 清
Fuding
清
Youxi
清
Southern Min
Xiamen
漖 , 飲
Xiamen (Tong'an)
飲
Quanzhou
漖
Jinjiang
漖
Nan'an
漖 , 飲
Shishi
漖
Hui'an
漖 , 飲
Anxi
漖
Yongchun
漖
Dehua
漖
Zhangzhou
漖 , 飲
Zhangzhou (Longhai)
飲
Hua'an
飲
Nanjing
飲
Pinghe
漖
Zhangpu
飲
Yunxiao
漖
Zhao'an
漖
Dongshan
漖
Tainan
漖
Kinmen
漖
Longyan
鬻
Zhangping
鬻
Zhangping (Yongfu)
鬻
Datian
鬻
Datian (Guangping)
增
Chaozhou
漖 , 𬓤
Shantou
𬓤
Shantou (Chenghai)
𬓤
Jieyang
漖 , 𬓤
Bangkok (Teochew)
𬓤
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
𬓤
Leizhou
浮
Puxian Min
Putian
漖
Xianyou
漖
Central Min
Yong'an
增
Sanming (Sanyuan)
增
Sanming (Shaxian)
增
Shaojiang Min
Shaowu
清
Guangze
清
Jiangle
清
Mingxi
清
Shunchang
清
Zhongshan Min
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
稀
Wu
Suzhou
薄
Yuyao
薄 , 朗
Wenzhou
薄
Pucheng
清
Xiang
Changsha
清 , 稀
Shuangfeng
清 , 稀
See also
Dynasties (朝代 ) in Chinese history
Name
Time period
Divisions
Xia 夏 (~朝 , ~代 )
2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (~朝 , ~代 ) 殷 (~朝 , ~代 )
1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (~朝 , ~代 )
1046 – 256 BCE
Western Zhou 西周
Eastern Zhou 東周 / 东周
Spring and Autumn period 春秋
Warring States period 戰國 / 战国
Qin 秦 (~朝 , ~代 )
221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢 / 汉 (~朝 , ~代 )
206 BCE – 220 C.E.
Western Han 西漢 / 西汉
Xin 新 (~朝 )
Eastern Han 東漢 / 东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國 / 三国
220 – 280 C.E.
Wei 魏
Shu Han 蜀漢 / 蜀汉
Wu 吳 / 吴
Jin 晉 / 晋 (~朝 , ~代 )
265 – 420 C.E.
Western Jin 西晉 / 西晋
Eastern Jin 東晉 / 东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝
420 – 589 C.E.
Northern dynasties 北朝
Northern Wei 北魏
Western Wei 西魏
Eastern Wei 東魏 / 东魏
Northern Zhou 北周
Northern Qi 北齊 / 北齐
Southern dynasties 南朝
Liu Song 劉宋 / 刘宋
Southern Qi 南齊 / 南齐
Liang 梁 (~朝 , ~代 )
Chen 陳 / 陈 (~朝 , ~代 )
Sui 隋 (~朝 , ~代 )
581 – 618 C.E.
Tang 唐 (~朝 , ~代 )
618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國 / 五代十国
907 – 960 C.E.
Liao 遼 / 辽 (~朝 , ~代 )
907 – 1125 C.E.
Song 宋 (~朝 , ~代 )
960 – 1279 C.E.
Northern Song 北宋
Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏
1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin 金 (~朝 , ~代 )
1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao 西遼 / 西辽
1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan 元 (~朝 , ~代 )
1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming 明 (~朝 , ~代 )
1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing 清 (~朝 , ~代 )
1636 – 1912 C.E.
Compounds
Descendants
References
Etymology 2
Rebracketing of the reading of Ching , which is a nonstandard romanisation of 師兄 / 师兄 ( si1 hing1 ) .
Pronunciation
Definitions
清
( Hong Kong Cantonese , Internet slang , leetspeak ) Synonym of 師兄 / 师兄 ( si1 hing1 )
Japanese
Kanji
清
(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji , shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 淸 )
clear
clarity
refreshing
clean , pure
Qing dynasty
Readings
(Can we verify (+ ) this pronunciation?)
Go-on : しょう ( shō , Jōyō † ) ←しやう ( syau , historical )
Kan-on : せい ( sei , Jōyō )
Tō-on : しん ( shin )
Kun : きよい ( kiyo i , 清い , Jōyō ) 、きよめる ( kiyo meru , 清める , Jōyō ) 、きよまる ( kiyo maru , 清まる , Jōyō ) 、きよらか ( kiyo raka , 清らか ) 、さやか ( saya ka , 清か ) 、すむ ( su mu , 清む )
Nanori : あき ( aki ) 、いさみ ( isami ) 、きよ ( kiyo ) 、きよし ( kiyoshi ) 、さや ( saya ) 、し ( shi ) 、すが ( suga ) 、すがし ( sugashi ) 、すず ( suzu ) 、すみ ( sumi ) 、せ ( se )
Compounds
Etymology 1
Alternative spelling
淸 ( kyūjitai )
Borrowing from Mandarin Chinese 清 ( qīng , literally “ bright , clear ” ) .
Proper noun
清( しん ) • (Shin )
the Qing dynasty (1616–1912)
a place name (clarification of this definition is needed)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Alternative spelling
淸 ( kyūjitai )
From Middle Chinese 清 (MC tshjeng ).
Proper noun
清( せい ) • (Sei )
a female given name
a surname
Etymology 3
Alternative spellings
淸 ( kyūjitai ) 明
From Old Japanese , first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE ).
Stem of 清か ( sayaka , “ bright , clear ” ) .
Cognate with 冴える ( saeru ) .[ 1]
Adverb
清( さや ) • (saya )
brightly , clearly , vividly
cleanly , freshly , purely
rustlingly
Usage notes
Usually takes the particle に ( ni ) .
Derived terms
Proper noun
清( さや ) • (Saya )
a female given name
Etymology 4
Alternative spelling
淸 ( kyūjitai )
Nominalization of 清か ( sayaka , “ bright , clear ” ) .
Proper noun
清( さやか ) • (Sayaka )
a female given name
Etymology 5
Alternative spelling
淸 ( kyūjitai )
From classical adjective 清し ( kiyoshi ) , modern 清い ( kiyoi , “ clear ” ) .
Proper noun
清( きよし ) • (Kiyoshi )
a surname
a unisex given name
References
Korean
Hanja
清 (eumhun 맑을 청 ( malgeul cheong ) )
Alternative form of 淸
Kunigami
Kanji
清
(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji )
Okinawan
Kanji
清
(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji )
Readings
Compounds
Tokunoshima
Kanji
清
(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji )
Vietnamese
Han character
清 : Hán Nôm readings: thanh , thảnh , thênh , thinh
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