玻璃

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Chinese

phonetic
trad. (玻璃)
simp. #(玻璃)
2nd round simp. 玻玏
alternative forms 玻瓈玻璃
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Etymology

From Prakrit 𑀨𑀸𑀮𑀺𑀅 (phālia) (Ji, 1998v4); from Sanskrit स्फटिक (sphaṭika). Cognate with Pali phalika (crystal), Thai ผลึก (pà-lʉ̀k, crystal), Lao ຜະລຶກ (pha lưk), ຜະລິກະ (pha li ka), Khmer ផលិក (phɑlək), etc. The meaning has been shifted to refer to glass (the material).

Pronunciation


Note: bo1 lei4 - literary, rare.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (2) (37)
Final () (95) (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division () I III
Fanqie
Baxter pha lje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pʰuɑ/ /liᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/pʰuɑ/ /liɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/pʰuɑ/ /ljɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pʰwa/ /liə̆/
Li
Rong
/pʰuɑ/ /lie/
Wang
Li
/pʰuɑ/ /lǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pʰuɑ/ /lie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
po1 lei4

Noun

玻璃

  1. glass (Classifier: m;  m c)
    玻璃吹製玻璃吹制  ―  bōli chuīzhì  ―  glassblowing
    小心玻璃  ―  Xiǎoxīn bōli.  ―  Caution — glass door.
    緊急擊破玻璃 [MSC, trad.]
    紧急击破玻璃 [MSC, simp.]
    Jǐnjí shí jīpò bōli.
    Break glass in emergency.
  2. generic term for any film material with glass-like transparency, such as cellophane, nylon, plastic, etc. (Classifier: m;  m)
  3. (Wuhan Mandarin, humorous) eyeglasses; spectacles
  4. (Sichuanese, humorous) plain boiled water
  5. (slang) gay person; male homosexual

Synonyms

  • (glass): 琉璃 (liúlí)
  • (eyeglasses):

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (玻璃):
  • Japanese: 玻璃(はり) (hari)
  • Korean: 파리(玻璃) (pari)

Others:

References

  • Duffus, William (1883) “glass”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 123

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Hyōgai

Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

()() (hari

  1. glass, crystal

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN