飢える

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
飢
う
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
餓える
饑える

*/uwu/ → /uweru/ → /ueru/

From classical verb 飢う (uu).

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「飢える」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		飢える うえる
Imperative (命令形) 飢えろ うえろ
Key constructions
Passive 飢えられる うえられる
Causative 飢えらせる うえらせる
Potential - - -
Volitional 飢えよう うえよー
Negative 飢えない うえない
Negative perfective 飢えなかった うえなかった
Formal 飢えます うえます
Perfective 飢えた うえた
Conjunctive 飢えて うえて
Hypothetical conditional 飢えれば うえれば

Verb

飢(う)える • (ueru) ←うゑる (uweru)?intransitive ichidan (stem 飢(う)え (ue), past 飢(う)えた (ueta))

  1. to starve, be hungry
Conjugation
Conjugation of "飢える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 飢え うえ ue
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 飢え うえ ue
Shūshikei ("terminal") 飢える うえる ueru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 飢える うえる ueru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 飢えれ うえれ uere
Meireikei ("imperative") 飢えよ¹
飢えろ² 		うえよ¹
うえろ² 		ueyo¹
uero²
Key constructions
Passive 飢えられる うえられる uerareru
Causative 飢えさせる
飢えさす 		うえさせる
うえさす 		uesaseru
uesasu
Potential 飢えられる
飢えれる³ 		うえられる
うえれる³ 		uerareru
uereru³
Volitional 飢えよう うえよう ueyō
Negative 飢えない
飢えぬ
飢えん 		うえない
うえぬ
うえん 		uenai
uenu
uen
Negative continuative 飢えず うえず uezu
Formal 飢えます うえます uemasu
Perfective 飢えた うえた ueta
Conjunctive 飢えて うえて uete
Hypothetical conditional 飢えれば うえれば uereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
飢
かつ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
餓える

Pronunciation

Verb

飢(かつ)える • (katsueru) ←かつゑる (katweru)?intransitive ichidan (stem 飢(かつ)え (katsue), past 飢(かつ)えた (katsueta))

  1. to starve, be hungry
Conjugation
Conjugation of "飢える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 飢え かつえ katsue
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 飢え かつえ katsue
Shūshikei ("terminal") 飢える かつえる katsueru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 飢える かつえる katsueru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 飢えれ かつえれ katsuere
Meireikei ("imperative") 飢えよ¹
飢えろ² 		かつえよ¹
かつえろ² 		katsueyo¹
katsuero²
Key constructions
Passive 飢えられる かつえられる katsuerareru
Causative 飢えさせる
飢えさす 		かつえさせる
かつえさす 		katsuesaseru
katsuesasu
Potential 飢えられる
飢えれる³ 		かつえられる
かつえれる³ 		katsuerareru
katsuereru³
Volitional 飢えよう かつえよう katsueyō
Negative 飢えない
飢えぬ
飢えん 		かつえない
かつえぬ
かつえん 		katsuenai
katsuenu
katsuen
Negative continuative 飢えず かつえず katsuezu
Formal 飢えます かつえます katsuemasu
Perfective 飢えた かつえた katsueta
Conjunctive 飢えて かつえて katsuete
Hypothetical conditional 飢えれば かつえれば katsuereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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