굳다

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Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 굳다 (Yale: kwutta).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gutda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gudda
McCune–Reischauer?kutta
Yale Romanization?kwut.ta

Adjective

굳다 • (gutda) (infinitive 굳어, sequential 굳으니)

  1. (to be) hard; (to be) solid; (to be) adamant

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 굳다 (gutda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 굳다
gutda 		굳어
gudeo 		굳어요
gudeoyo 		굳습니다
gutseumnida
Past 굳었다
gudeotda 		굳었어
gudeosseo 		굳었어요
gudeosseoyo 		굳었습니다
gudeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 굳으냐
gudeunya 		굳어
gudeo 		굳어요
gudeoyo 		굳습니까
gutseumnikka
Past 굳었냐
gudeonnya 		굳었어
gudeosseo 		굳었어요
gudeosseoyo 		굳었습니까
gudeotseumnikka
Assertive 굳겠다
gutgetda		 굳겠어
gutgesseo		 굳겠어요
gutgesseoyo		 굳겠습니다
gutgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 굳어
gudeo		 굳어서
gudeoseo		 굳으니
gudeuni		 굳으니까
gudeunikka
Contrast 굳지만
gutjiman		 굳은데
gudeunde		 굳더니
gutdeoni
Conjunction 굳고
gutgo
Condition 굳으면
gudeumyeon		 굳어야
gudeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 굳음
gudeum		 굳기
gutgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 굳었음
gudeosseum		 굳었기
gudeotgi
Determiners Present 굳은
gudeun
Future 굳을
gudeul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 굳으시다
gudeusida 		굳으셔
gudeusyeo 		굳으세요, 굳으셔요
gudeuseyo, gudeusyeoyo 		굳으십니다
gudeusimnida
Past 굳으셨다
gudeusyeotda 		굳으셨어
gudeusyeosseo 		굳으셨어요
gudeusyeosseoyo 		굳으셨습니다
gudeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 굳으시냐
gudeusinya 		굳으셔
gudeusyeo 		굳으세요, 굳으셔요
gudeuseyo, gudeusyeoyo 		굳으십니까
gudeusimnikka
Past 굳으셨냐
gudeusyeonnya 		굳으셨어
gudeusyeosseo 		굳으셨어요
gudeusyeosseoyo 		굳으셨습니까
gudeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive 굳으시겠다
gudeusigetda		 굳으시겠어
gudeusigesseo		 굳으시겠어요
gudeusigesseoyo		 굳으시겠습니다
gudeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 굳으셔
gudeusyeo		 굳으셔서
gudeusyeoseo		 굳으시니
gudeusini		 굳으시니까
gudeusinikka
Contrast 굳으시지만
gudeusijiman		 굳으신데
gudeusinde		 굳으시더니
gudeusideoni
Conjunction 굳으시고
gudeusigo
Condition 굳으시면
gudeusimyeon		 굳으셔야
gudeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 굳으심
gudeusim		 굳으시기
gudeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 굳으셨음
gudeusyeosseum		 굳으셨기
gudeusyeotgi
Determiners Present 굳으신
gudeusin
Future 굳으실
gudeusil

Derived terms

Verb

굳다 • (gutda) (infinitive 굳어, sequential 굳으니)

  1. to become hard; to solidify; to congeal

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 굳다 (gutda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 굳는다
gunneunda 		굳어
gudeo 		굳어요
gudeoyo 		굳습니다
gutseumnida
Past 굳었다
gudeotda 		굳었어
gudeosseo 		굳었어요
gudeosseoyo 		굳었습니다
gudeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 굳느냐
gunneunya 		굳어
gudeo 		굳어요
gudeoyo 		굳습니까
gutseumnikka
Past 굳었느냐
gudeonneunya 		굳었어
gudeosseo 		굳었어요
gudeosseoyo 		굳었습니까
gudeotseumnikka
Hortative 굳자
gutja		 굳어
gudeo		 굳어요
gudeoyo		 굳으십시다
gudeusipsida
Imperative 굳어라
gudeora		 굳어
gudeo		 굳어요
gudeoyo		 굳읍시오
gudeupsio
Assertive 굳겠다
gutgetda		 굳겠어
gutgesseo		 굳겠어요
gutgesseoyo		 굳겠습니다
gutgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 굳어
gudeo		 굳어서
gudeoseo		 굳으니
gudeuni		 굳으니까
gudeunikka
Contrast 굳지만
gutjiman		 굳는데
gunneunde		 굳더니
gutdeoni
Conjunction 굳고
gutgo
Condition 굳으면
gudeumyeon		 굳어야
gudeoya
Motive 굳으려고
gudeuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 굳음
gudeum		 굳기
gutgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 굳었음
gudeosseum		 굳었기
gudeotgi
Determiners Past 굳은
gudeun
Present 굳는
gunneun
Future 굳을
gudeul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 굳으신다
gudeusinda 		굳으셔
gudeusyeo 		굳으세요, 굳으셔요
gudeuseyo, gudeusyeoyo 		굳으십니다
gudeusimnida
Past 굳으셨다
gudeusyeotda 		굳으셨어
gudeusyeosseo 		굳으셨어요
gudeusyeosseoyo 		굳으셨습니다
gudeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 굳으시느냐
gudeusineunya 		굳으셔
gudeusyeo 		굳으세요, 굳으셔요
gudeuseyo, gudeusyeoyo 		굳으십니까
gudeusimnikka
Past 굳으셨느냐
gudeusyeonneunya 		굳으셨어
gudeusyeosseo 		굳으셨어요
gudeusyeosseoyo 		굳으셨습니까
gudeusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 굳으시라
gudeusira		 굳으셔
gudeusyeo		 굳으세요
gudeuseyo		 굳으십시오
gudeusipsio
Assertive 굳으시겠다
gudeusigetda		 굳으시겠어
gudeusigesseo		 굳으시겠어요
gudeusigesseoyo		 굳으시겠습니다
gudeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 굳으셔
gudeusyeo		 굳으셔서
gudeusyeoseo		 굳으시니
gudeusini		 굳으시니까
gudeusinikka
Contrast 굳으시지만
gudeusijiman		 굳으시는데
gudeusineunde		 굳으시더니
gudeusideoni
Conjunction 굳으시고
gudeusigo
Condition 굳으시면
gudeusimyeon		 굳으셔야
gudeusyeoya
Motive 굳으시려고
gudeusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 굳으심
gudeusim		 굳으시기
gudeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 굳으셨음
gudeusyeosseum		 굳으셨기
gudeusyeotgi
Determiners Past 굳으신
gudeusin
Present 굳으시는
gudeusineun
Future 굳으실
gudeusil

Derived terms

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia