열여섯

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Korean

Korean numbers (edit)
 ←  15 16 17  → 
    Native isol.: 열여섯 (yeoryeoseot)
    Native attr.: 열여섯 (yeoryeoseot)
    Sino-Korean: 십육 (sibyuk), 십륙 (simnyuk)
    Hanja: 十六

Etymology

From 열 (yeol) + 여섯 (yeoseot).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?yeollyeoseot
Revised Romanization (translit.)?yeol'yeoseos
McCune–Reischauer?yŏllyŏsŏt
Yale Romanization?yellyeses

Numeral

열여섯 • (yeollyeoseot)

  1. (native numeral) sixteen
    Synonym: 십육(十六) (simnyuk, “sixteen”, Sino-Korean numeral)

Usage notes

In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.

The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.

Native classifiers take native numerals.

Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.

Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.

For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.

  • 세 반(班) (se ban, “three school classes”, native numeral)
  • 삼 반(班) (sam ban, “Class Number Three”, Sino-Korean numeral)

When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.

  • 하나만 더 주세요 (hana-man deo juse-yo, “Could you give me just one more, please”, native numeral)
  • 일 더하기 일은? (il deohagi ir-eun?, “What's one plus one?”, Sino-Korean numeral)

While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.

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